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28 U.S.C. § 1691

U.S. CodeFederalPositive Law
Seal and teste of process
About This Law
/us/usc/t28/s1691
Title
28 — Judiciary and Judicial Procedure
Chapter
PTV/CH113
Release
119-84
Release Date
2026-04-17

Section Text

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All writs and process issuing from a court of the United States shall be under the seal of the court and signed by the clerk thereof. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 945.) Historical and Revision NotesBased on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 721 (R.S. § 911; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 291, 36 Stat. 1167). Provisions as to teste of process issuing from the district courts were omitted as superseded by Rule 4 (b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Provision for teste of the Chief Justice of writs and process was omitted as unnecessary. A provision requiring the United States to bear the expense of providing seals was omitted as unnecessary and obsolete. Changes were made in phraseology. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries Immunity From Seizure Under Judicial Process of Cultural Objects Imported for Temporary Exhibition or DisplayPresidential determination of cultural significance of objects and exhibition or display thereof in the national interest, see section 2459 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

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