(a) Any authority granted to the President by section 1702 of this title may be exercised to deal with any unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, if the President declares a national emergency with respect to such threat.
(b) The authorities granted to the President by section 1702 of this title may only be exercised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary threat with respect to which a national emergency has been declared for purposes of this chapter and may not be exercised for any other purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal with any new threat shall be based on a new declaration of national emergency which must be with respect to such threat.
(Pub. L. 95–223, title II, § 202, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Short Title of 2024 AmendmentPub. L. 118–50, div. O, § 1, Apr. 24, 2024, 138 Stat. 988, provided that: “This division [enacting section 1710 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, and amending provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Strengthening Tools to Counter the Use of Human Shields Act’.”
Short Title of 2023 AmendmentPub. L. 117–336, § 1, Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6147, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 1709 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Protecting American Intellectual Property Act of 2022’.”
Short Title of 2021 AmendmentPub. L. 117–54, § 1(a), Nov. 10, 2021, 135 Stat. 413, provided that: “This Act [amending section 2277a of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, and enacting and amending provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘Reinforcing Nicaragua’s Adherence to Conditions for Electoral Reform Act of 2021’ or the ‘RENACER Act’.”
Short Title of 2018 AmendmentPub. L. 115–272, § 1(a), Oct. 25, 2018, 132 Stat. 4144, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 9229 and 9241 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, and enacting and amending provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘Hizballah International Financing Prevention Amendments Act of 2018’.”
Short Title of 2016 AmendmentPub. L. 114–277, § 1, Dec. 15, 2016, 130 Stat. 1409, provided that: “This Act [amending provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Iran Sanctions Extension Act’.”
Pub. L. 114–194, § 1, July 15, 2016, 130 Stat. 674, provided that: “This Act [amending provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Extension Act of 2016’.”
Short Title of 2007 AmendmentPub. L. 110–96, § 1, Oct. 16, 2007, 121 Stat. 1011, provided that: “This Act [amending section 1705 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1705 of this title] may be cited as the ‘International Emergency Economic Powers Enhancement Act’.”
Short Title of 2006 AmendmentPub. L. 109–353, § 1, Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 2015, provided that: “This Act [amending provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘North Korea Nonproliferation Act of 2006’.”
Pub. L. 109–293, § 1, Sept. 30, 2006, 120 Stat. 1344, provided that: “This Act [amending section 5318A of Title 31, Money and Finance, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 2151 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, and amending provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Iran Freedom Support Act’.”
Short Title of 2005 AmendmentPub. L. 109–112, § 1, Nov. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2366, provided that: “This Act [enacting provisions set out as a note under this section and amending provisions set out as notes under this section and section 2797b of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse] may be cited as the ‘Iran Nonproliferation Amendments Act of 2005’.”
Short Title of 2001 AmendmentPub. L. 107–24, § 1, Aug. 3, 2001, 115 Stat. 199, provided that: “This Act [enacting and amending provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘ILSA Extension Act of 2001’.”
Short TitlePub. L. 95–223, title II, § 201, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘International Emergency Economic Powers Act’.”
Regulatory AuthorityPub. L. 115–272, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 25, 2018, 132 Stat. 4155, provided that: “The President shall, not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 25, 2018], prescribe regulations as necessary for the implementation of this Act [see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out above] and the amendments made by this Act.”
SeparabilityPub. L. 95–223, title II, § 208, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1629, provided that: “If any provision of this Act [enacting this chapter] is held invalid, the remainder of the Act shall not be affected thereby.”
Responding to Crime and Corruption in HaitiPub. L. 119–60, div. H, title LXXXIII, § 8319, Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1859, provided that:
“(a) Definitions.—In this section:“(1) Appropriate congressional committees.—The term ‘appropriate congressional committees’ means—“(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
“(B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate;
“(C) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate;
“(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives;
“(E) the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and
“(F) the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.
“(2) Economic elite.—The term ‘economic elite’ means any board member, officer, or executive of any group, committee, corporation, or other entity that exerts substantial influence or control over Haiti’s economy, infrastructure, or particular industries.
“(3) Foreign person.—The term ‘foreign person’ means an individual or entity that is not a United States person.
“(4) Good.—The term ‘good’ means any article, natural or man-made substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, and excluding technical data.
“(5) Political elite.—The term ‘political elite’ means any current and former government official of Haiti, high level staff of any such official, any Haitian political party leader, and any Haitian political committee leader.
“(6) United states person.—The term ‘United States person’ means—“(A) a United States citizen;
“(B) an alien who has been granted permanent residence in the United States; or
“(C) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
“(b) Annual Report.—“(1) In general.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 18, 2025], and annually thereafter for the following 5 years, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the heads of other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees regarding the ties between criminal gangs and political and economic elites in Haiti.
“(2) Contents.—Each report submitted pursuant to paragraph (1) shall—“(A) identify and list prominent criminal gangs in Haiti and their leaders, describe their criminal activities, including coercive recruitment, and identify their primary geographic areas of operations;
“(B) list Haitian political and economic elites who knowingly have direct and significant links to criminal gangs and any organizations or entities controlled by such individuals;
“(C) describe in detail the relationship between the individuals identified pursuant to subparagraph (B) and the criminal gangs identified pursuant to subparagraph (A);
“(D) describe in detail how political and economic elites use their relationships with criminal gangs to advance their political and economic interests and agendas;
“(E) include a list of each criminal organization assessed to be trafficking Haitians and other individuals to the United States border;
“(F) include an assessment of ties between political and economic elites, criminal gangs in Haiti, and transnational criminal organizations;
“(G) include an assessment of how the nature and extent of collusion between political elites, economic elites, and criminal gangs threatens the Haitian people and United States national interests and activities in Haiti;
“(H) include an assessment of how connections between political and economic elites and criminal gangs facilitate illicit firearms trafficking from the United States that fuels violence and instability in Haiti; and
“(I) include an assessment of potential actions that the Government of the United States could take to address the ties referred to in subparagraph (F).
“(3) Form of report.—The report required under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
“(c) Sanctions.—“(1) In general.—Not later than 90 days after the submission of the each [sic] report required under subsection (b) to the appropriate congressional committees, the President—“(A) shall impose the sanctions described in subparagraph (A) and (B) of paragraph (2) with respect to any foreign person who—“(i) is identified pursuant to subparagraph (A) of subsection (b)(2); or
“(ii) is identified pursuant to subparagraph (B) of subsection (b)(2) and meets the definition of political elite under subsection (a)(5);
“(B) shall impose all of the sanctions described in paragraph (2)(B) with respect to any foreign person who is identified pursuant to subparagraph (B) of subsection (b)(2) and meets the definition of economic elite under subsection (a)(2); and
“(C) may impose all of the sanctions described in paragraph (3) with respect to any foreign person who is identified pursuant to subparagraph (B) of subsection (b)(2) and meets the definition of economic elite under subsection (a)(2).
“(2) Sanctions described.—The sanctions described in this subsection are the following:“(A) Property blocking.—Notwithstanding the requirements under section 202 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701), the President may exercise all of the powers granted to the President by such Act to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of the foreign person if such property and interests in property—“(i) are in the United States;
“(ii) come within the United States; or
“(iii) are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.
“(B) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.—“(i) Visas, admission, or parole.—An alien described in paragraph (1) is— “(I) inadmissible to the United States;
“(II) ineligible for a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and
“(III) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
“(ii) Current visas revoked.— “(I) In general.—An alien described in paragraph (1) is subject to revocation of any visa or other entry document issued to such alien regardless of the date on which such visa or other entry document was issued.
“(II) Immediate effect.—A revocation under subclause (I) shall take effect immediately and shall automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry document that is in the alien’s possession.
“(3) Prohibitions on financial transactions.—Notwithstanding the requirements under section 202 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701), the President may exercise of [sic] all powers granted to the President by such Act to the extent necessary—“(A) to prohibit any United States financial institution from making loans or providing credit to the foreign person; or
“(B) [to] prohibit any transactions in foreign exchange that are subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and in which the foreign person has any interest.
“(4) Exceptions.—“(A) Exception to comply with international obligations.—Sanctions under this subsection shall not apply with respect to the admission of an alien if admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations.
“(B) Exception relating to the provision of humanitarian assistance.—Sanctions under this subsection may not be imposed with respect to transactions or the facilitation of transactions for—“(i) the sale of agricultural commodities, food, medicine, or medical devices to Haiti;
“(ii) the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of Haiti;
“(iii) financial transactions relating to humanitarian assistance or for humanitarian purposes in Haiti; or
“(iv) transporting goods or services that are necessary to carry out operations relating to humanitarian assistance or humanitarian purposes in Haiti.
“(5) Licensing.—“(A) In general.—For any sanctions imposed on a political elite pursuant to this subsection, the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue such general licenses and public guidance as may be necessary to clarify that such sanctions do not apply to the following—“(i) any agency or instrumentality of the Government of Haiti with which the sanctioned person is officially associated; and
“(ii) any person the sanctioned person owns or controls that contributes to meaningful economic activity in Haiti, unless the person is itself designated based on its behavior.
“(B) Limiting adverse impacts on haiti.—For any sanctions imposed pursuant to paragraph (1), the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue such general licenses and public guidance as may be necessary to limit adverse impacts to employment, legitimate economic activity, and humanitarian conditions in Haiti.
“(6) Implementation; penalties.—“(A) Implementation.—The President may exercise all of the authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this section.
“(B) Penalties.—The penalties under subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall apply to any person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations promulgated to carry out this subsection to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of such Act.
“(7) Waiver.—The President may waive the application of sanctions or restrictions imposed with respect to a foreign person under this subsection if the President certifies to the appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days before such waiver is scheduled to take effect, that the waiver is vital to the national interests of the United States.
“(8) Exception relating to importation of goods.—The authorities and requirements to impose sanctions under this subsection shall not include the authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.
“(d) Sunset.—The provisions of this section shall cease to have any force or effect beginning on the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 18, 2025].”
Report and Imposition of Sanctions To Harmonize With Allied SanctionsPub. L. 118–50, div. G, § 1, Apr. 24, 2024, 138 Stat. 954, provided that:
“(a) Report Required.—Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this division [Apr. 24, 2024], the President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report identifying—“(1) each foreign person currently subject to—“(A) sanctions issued by the European Union pursuant to European Union Council Regulation No. 269/2014 of 17 March, 2014, as amended; or
“(B) sanctions issued by the United Kingdom pursuant to the Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019, as amended; and
“(2) each such foreign person that also meets the criteria for imposition of sanctions by the United States pursuant to—“(A) the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act of 2016 [Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, subtitle F] (22 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.);
“(B) Executive Order 14024 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note, relating to blocking property with respect to specified harmful foreign activities of the Government of the Russian Federation), as amended;
“(C) Executive Order 14068 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note, relating to prohibiting certain imports, exports, and new investment with respect to continued Russian Federation aggression), as amended; or
“(D) Executive Order 14071 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note, relating to prohibiting new investment in and certain services to the Russian Federation in response to continued Russian Federation aggression), as amended.
“(b) Imposition of Sanctions.—The President may impose the sanctions authorized by the applicable provision of law listed in subsection (a)(2) with respect to each foreign person identified in the report required under subsection (a)(1) who is not already subject to sanctions under United States law pursuant to one or more statutory sanctions authorities as of the date of the submission of such report.”
Hamas and Other Palestinian Terrorist Groups International Financing PreventionPub. L. 118–50, div. M, Apr. 24, 2024, 138 Stat. 980, provided that:
[Memorandum of President of the United States, § 4, Sept. 13, 2024, 89 F.R. 77758, provided:
[(a) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 3(a) of the Hamas and Other Palestinian Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act (Division M of Public Law 118–50) (the “Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act”) [set out above].
[(b) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 3(c) of the Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act.
[(c) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 3(f), 4(e), and 6 of the Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act.
[(d) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the heads of other relevant executive departments and agencies as the Secretary of State deems necessary, the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 4(a) and 4(c)(1) of the Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act.
[(e) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 4(c)(3) of the Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act for which they are responsible under the Arms Export Control Act and the Export Control Reform Act [of 2018], respectively.
[(f) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary of Commerce, commensurate with their respective areas of responsibility and in consultation with the heads of other relevant executive departments and agencies as appropriate, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 4(f)(2) of the Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act.
[(g) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 4(g) of the Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act.
[(h) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 3(e), 4(f)(1), and 5 of the Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act.
[J.R. Biden, Jr.]
Sanctions With Respect to Threats to Current or Former United States OfficialsPub. L. 118–50, div. O, § 6, Apr. 24, 2024, 138 Stat. 991, provided that:
“(a) In General.—On and after the date that is 180 days after the date of the enactment of this division [Apr. 24, 2024], the President shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign person the President determines has, on or after such date of enactment, ordered, directed, or taken material steps to carry out any use of violence or has attempted or threatened to use violence against any current or former official of the Government of the United States.
“(b) Sanctions Described.—The sanctions described in this subsection are the following:“(1) Inadmissibility to united states.—In the case of a foreign person who is an individual—“(A) ineligibility to receive a visa to enter the United States or to be admitted to the United States; or
“(B) if the individual has been issued a visa or other documentation, revocation, in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of the visa or other documentation.
“(2) Blocking of property.—The blocking, in accordance with the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), of all transactions in all property and interests in property of a foreign person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.
“(c) Enforcement of Blocking of Property.—A person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of a sanction described in subsection (b)(2) that is imposed by the President or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out such a sanction shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section.
“(d) Waiver.—The President may waive the application of sanctions under this section for renewable periods not to exceed 180 days if the President—“(1) determines that such a waiver is in the vital national security interests of the United States; and
“(2) not less than 15 days before the granting of the waiver, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a notice of and justification for the waiver.
“(e) Termination and Sunset.—“(1) Termination of sanctions.—The President may terminate the application of sanctions under this section with respect to a person if the President determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days before the termination of the sanctions that—“(A) credible information exists that the person did not engage in the activity for which sanctions were imposed;
“(B) the person has credibly demonstrated a significant change in behavior, has paid an appropriate consequence for the activity for which sanctions were imposed, and has credibly committed to not engage in an activity described in subsection (a) in the future; or
“(C) the termination of the sanctions is in the vital national security interests of the United States.
“(2) Sunset.—The requirement to impose sanctions under this section shall terminate on the date that is 4 years after the date of the enactment of this division.
“(f) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.—In this section, the term ‘appropriate congressional committees’ means—“(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on the Judiciary; and
“(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on the Judiciary.”
[Memorandum of President of the United States, § 6(b), (c), Sept. 13, 2024, 89 F.R. 77758, 77759, provided:
[(b) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Attorney General, the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 6(a) and 6(e)(1) of the Countering Use of Human Shields Act [meaning section 6(a) and (e)(1) of the “Strengthening Tools to Counter the Use of Human Shields Act”, div. O of Pub. L. 118–50, set out above].
[(c) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 6(d) of the Countering Use of Human Shields Act.
[J.R. Biden, Jr.]
Illicit Captagon Trafficking SuppressionPub. L. 118–50, div. P, Apr. 24, 2024, 138 Stat. 992, provided that:
[Memorandum of President of the United States, § 7, Sept. 13, 2024, 89 F.R. 77759, provided:
[(a) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 4(a), 4(b)(1), 4(e), 4(f), and 5 of the Illicit Captagon Trafficking Suppression Act of 2023 (Division P of Public Law 118–50) (the “Captagon Suppression Act”) [set out above].
[(b) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 4(d)(1) of the Captagon Suppression Act.
[(c) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 4(d)(2) of the Captagon Suppression Act.
[J.R. Biden, Jr.]
Banking Transparency for Sanctioned Persons Act of 2022Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LVII, § 5706, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3418, provided that:
“(a) In General.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2022], and annually thereafter, the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue a report to the Committees on Financial Services and Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and Foreign Relations of the Senate that includes a list of specific licenses issued by the Secretary in the preceding 365 days that authorizes a U.S. financial institution (as defined under section 561.309 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations) to provide financial services to any of the following:“(1) The government of a state sponsor of terrorism.
“(2) A person sanctioned pursuant to any of the following:“(A) Section 404 of the Russia and Moldova Jackson-Vanik Repeal and Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012 (Public Law 112–208) [22 U.S.C. 5811 note].
“(B) Subtitle F of title XII of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328, the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act) [22 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.].
“(C) Executive Order No. 13818 [listed in a table below].
“(b) Submission of Copies of Licenses on Request.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall expeditiously provide a copy of any license identified in a report required by subsection (a) to the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate if an appropriate Member of Congress requests a copy of that license not later than 60 days after submission of the report.
“(c) Business Confidential Information.—“(1) In general.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall, in the report under subsection (a) and any submissions under subsection (b), identify any proprietary information submitted by any private sector representative and mark such information as ‘business confidential information’.
“(2) Treatment as trade secrets.—Business confidential information described under paragraph (1) shall be considered to be a matter falling within the meaning of trade secrets and commercial or financial information exemption under section 552(b)(4) of title 5, United States Code, and shall be exempt from disclosure under such section 552 of such title without the express approval of the private party.
“(d) Authorization of Appropriations.—For the purpose of carrying out the activities authorized under this section, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Treasury $1,000,000.
“(e) Sunset.—The section shall cease to have any force or effect after the end of the 5-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2022].
“(f) Form of Report and Submissions.—A report or submission required under this section shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex.
“(g) Appropriate Member of Congress Defined.—In this section, the term ‘appropriate Member of Congress’ has the meaning given that term under section 7132(d) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 [22 U.S.C. 9265a(d)].”
Sanctioning the Use of Civilians as Defenseless ShieldsPub. L. 118–50, div. O, § 2, Apr. 24, 2024, 138 Stat. 988, provided that: “It shall be the policy of the United States to fully implement and enforce sanctions against terrorist organizations and other malign actors that use innocent civilians as human shields.”
Pub. L. 115–348, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5055, as amended by Pub. L. 118–50, div. O, § 3, Apr. 24, 2024, 138 Stat. 988, provided that:
[Memorandum of President of the United States, May 24, 2019, 84 F.R. 27697, delegated to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 3(g) of Pub. L. 115–348, set out above, and delegated to the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 3(a), (b), (c), (d)(1), and (h) of Pub. L. 115–348, and any future Act that is the same or substantially the same as such provisions.]
Nicaragua Investment ConditionalityPub. L. 117–54, §§ 5, 6, 14, Nov. 10, 2021, 135 Stat. 416, 417, 422, provided that:
Pub. L. 115–335, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 5019, as amended by Pub. L. 117–54, §§ 4, 13, Nov. 10, 2021, 135 Stat. 415, 421, provided that:
[Memorandum of President of the United States, May 24, 2019, 84 F.R. 27695, delegated to the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 5(a) of Pub. L. 115–335, set out above, with respect to making a determination under the standards set forth in sections 5(a)(1)–(4); to the Secretary of the Treasury the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 5(a), with respect to the imposition of the sanctions in section 5(c)(1)(A) following a determination by the Secretary of the Treasury under section 5(a); to the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 5(d); to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 5(a), with respect to the imposition of the sanctions in section 5(c)(1)(B) following a determination by the Secretary of the Treasury under section 5(a); and to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 6(b). A reference to a provision of Pub. L. 115–335 so delegated is deemed to refer to a provision of any future Act that is the same or substantially the same.]
Policy Regarding Imposition of Sanctions With Respect to Affiliated Networks of Hizballah for Transnational Criminal ActivitiesPub. L. 115–272, title II, § 201(a), Oct. 25, 2018, 132 Stat. 4150, provided that: “It is the policy of the United States to determine if individuals and entities that are designated by the United States Government on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 25, 2018] as being associated with Hizballah are engaged in transnational organized crime or related activities on or after such date of enactment.”
Hizballah International Financing PreventionPub. L. 114–102, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2205, as amended by Pub. L. 115–272, title I, §§ 101(a), 102–103(a), 104(a), title II, §§ 201(b), (c), 202(a), 203(a), title III, § 302(a), (c), Oct. 25, 2018, 132 Stat. 4144, 4146, 4147, 4149–4152, 4155, 4156; Pub. L. 117–263, div. F, title LXVIII, § 6811(e), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3601, provided that:
[Pub. L. 117–263, § 6811(e), which directed amendment of section 204(b) of Pub. L. 114–102, set out above, by substituting “annually” for “every 180 days”, was executed to section 204(c) of Pub. L. 114–102, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.]
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Jan. 15, 2019, 84 F.R. 3963, delegated to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 101(b)(2), 101(c), 102(b), 103(b–c), and 201(c) of Pub. L. 114–102, set out above; to the Secretary of the Treasury the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 101(a), 101(b)(1), 102(a), 102(c), 103(a), 201(a–b), 204(b), and 302 of Pub. L. 114–102; and to the Director of National Intelligence the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 202 and 204(a, c–d) of Pub. L. 114–102, and any future Act that is the same or substantially the same as such provisions, and rescinded and replaced any prior delegations of authority to the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of State, and the Director of National Intelligence under Pub. L. 114–102.]
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Mar. 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 15421, which delegated to the Director of National Intelligence the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 101, 201, and 202 of Pub. L. 114–102, set out above, was rescinded and replaced by Memorandum of President of the United States, Jan. 15, 2019, 84 F.R. 3963, see above.]
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Mar. 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 15423, which delegated to the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 102(a), 102(c), 204, and 302 of Pub. L. 114–102, set out above, was rescinded and replaced by Memorandum of President of the United States, Jan. 15, 2019, 84 F.R. 3963, see above.]
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Mar. 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 18739, which delegated to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 102(b) of Pub. L. 114–102, set out above, was rescinded and replaced by Memorandum of President of the United States, Jan. 15, 2019, 84 F.R. 3963, see above.]
Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil SocietyPub. L. 113–278, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 3011, as amended by Pub. L. 114–194, § 2, July 15, 2016, 130 Stat. 674; Pub. L. 116–94, div. J, title I, § 183(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3048, provided that:
Imposition of Sanctions With Respect to Support for the Rebel Group Known as M23Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title XII, § 1284, Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2035, provided that:
“(a) Blocking of Assets.—“(1) In general.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall, pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) or Executive Order 13413 (74[71] Fed. Reg. 64105; relating to blocking property of certain persons contributing to the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo), block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of a person described in subsection (c) if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.
“(2) Exception.—“(A) In general.—The requirement to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property under paragraph (1) shall not include the authority to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.
“(B) Good defined.—In this paragraph, the term ‘good’ has the meaning given that term in [former] section 16 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2415) [former 50 U.S.C. 4618] (as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)).
“(b) Visa Ban.—The Secretary of State shall deny a visa to, and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall exclude from the United States, any alien who is a person described in subsection (c).
“(c) Persons Described.—A person described in this subsection is a person that the President determines provides, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 2, 2013], significant financial, material, or technological support to M23.
“(d) Waiver.—The President may waive the application of this section with respect to a person if the President determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that the waiver is in the national interest of the United States.
“(e) Termination of Sanctions.—Sanctions imposed under this section may terminate 15 days after the date on which the President determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that the person covered by such determination has terminated the provision of significant financial, material, and technological support to M23.
“(f) Termination of Section.—This section shall terminate on the date that is 15 days after the date on which the President determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that M23 is no longer a significant threat to peace and security in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
“(g) Definitions.—In this section:“(1) Appropriate congressional committees.—The term ‘appropriate congressional committees’ means—“(A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and
“(B) the Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.
“(2) M23.—The term ‘M23’ refers to the rebel group known as M23 operating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo that derives its name from the March 23, 2009, agreement between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the National Congress for the Defense of the People (or any successor group).
“(3) United states person.—The term ‘United States person’ means—“(A) an individual who is a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or
“(B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States.”
Sudan Accountability and DivestmentPub. L. 110–174, Dec. 31, 2007, 121 Stat. 2516, as amended by Pub. L. 111–195, title II, § 205(a), July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1344, provided that:
Darfur Peace and AccountabilityPub. L. 109–344, Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 1869, as amended by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, § 1270D, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3978, provided that:
[Functions of President under section 6(a), (b), (f) of Pub. L. 109–344, set out above, assigned to Secretary of State by Memorandum of President of the United States, Jan. 25, 2007, 72 F.R. 5149.]
[Functions of President under sections 7 and 8 of Pub. L. 109–344, set out above, assigned to Secretary of State by section 4(e) of Ex. Ord. No. 13412, Oct. 13, 2006, 71 F.R. 61370, listed in a table below.]
[Effective July 12, 2017, and subject to certain conditions, function of President under section 8 of Pub. L. 109–344, set out above, assigned to Secretary of State by sections 6 and 12(b) of Ex. Ord. No. 13761, Jan. 13, 2017, 82 Stat. 5331, 5333, set out below.]
Codification of Sanctions Against IranPub. L. 109–293, title I, § 101, Sept. 30, 2006, 120 Stat. 1344, provided that:
“(a) Codification of Sanctions.—Except as otherwise provided in this section, United States sanctions with respect to Iran imposed pursuant to sections 1 and 3 of Executive Order No. 12957 [listed in a table below], sections 1(e), (1)(g), and (3) of Executive Order No. 12959 [listed in a table below], and sections 2, 3, and 5 of Executive Order No. 13059 [listed in a table below] (relating to exports and certain other transactions with Iran) as in effect on January 1, 2006, shall remain in effect. The President may terminate such sanctions, in whole or in part, if the President notifies Congress at least 15 days in advance of such termination. In the event of exigent circumstances, the President may exercise the authority set forth in the preceding sentence without regard to the notification requirement stated therein, except that such notification shall be provided as early as practicable, but in no event later than three working days after such exercise of authority.
“(b) No Effect on Other Sanctions Relating to Support for Acts of International Terrorism.—Nothing in this Act [see Short Title of 2006 Amendment note above] shall affect any United States sanction, control, or regulation as in effect on January 1, 2006, relating to a determination under [former] section 6(j)(1)(A) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2405(j)(1)(A)) [former 50 U.S.C. 4605(j)(1)(A)], section 620A(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371(a)), or section 40(d) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(d)) that the Government of Iran has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism.”
Burmese Freedom and DemocracyPub. L. 112–192, Oct. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 1441, as amended by Pub. L. 113–235, div. J, title VII, § 7043(b)(8)(A), Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2648, provided that:
[Pub. L. 113–235, div. J, title VII, § 7043(b)(8)(B), Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2648, provided that: “The amendment made in subparagraph (A) [amending section 3(3) of Pub. L. 112–192, set out above, by inserting ‘and shall also include the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency’ after ‘Public Law 112–74’] shall only take effect if the Secretary of State certifies and reports to the Committees on Appropriations by September 30, 2015 that the Government of Burma has implemented reforms, in consultation with Burma’s political opposition and ethnic groups, providing for free and fair presidential and parliamentary elections.”
]
[Functions of President under section 1 of Pub. L. 112–192, set out above, delegated to Secretary of State by Memorandum of President of the United States, Oct. 10, 2012, 77 F.R. 65455.]
Pub. L. 110–286, July 29, 2008, 122 Stat. 2632, as amended by Pub. L. 117–81, div. E, title LI, § 5106, Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2347, provided that:
[Ex. Ord. No. 13651, § 8, Aug. 6, 2013, 78 F.R. 48794, determined and certified under section 5(i) of Pub. L. 110–286, set out above, that it was in the national interest of the United States to waive, and did waive, the sanctions described in section 5(b) of Pub. L. 110–286, subject to an exception continuing the prohibition of certain transactions.]
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Aug. 29, 2012, 77 F.R. 57479, delegated to the Secretary of State the functions and authority conferred upon the President by section 5(a)(2) of Pub. L. 110–286, set out above, to waive the visa ban under section 5(a)(1) of that Act, and to make the specified certification to Congress.]
Pub. L. 108–61, July 28, 2003, 117 Stat. 864, as amended by Pub. L. 109–251, § 1, Aug. 1, 2006, 120 Stat. 654; Pub. L. 110–286, §§ 6(a)–(b)(2), (c), 9(b), July 29, 2008, 122 Stat. 2638, 2642–2644; Pub. L. 111–42, title I, § 101, July 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 1963; Pub. L. 112–163, § 3(a), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1277, provided that:
[For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 110–286, § 6(b)(1), (2), see section 6(b)(3) of Pub. L. 110–286, set out above.]
[Pub. L. 109–251, § 3, Aug. 1, 2006, 120 Stat. 654, provided that: “This Act [enacting note below and amending Pub. L. 108–61 set out above] and the amendments made by this Act shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 1, 2006] or July 26, 2006, whichever occurs first.”
]
[Proc. No. 8294, Sept. 26, 2008, 73 F.R. 57223, provided: in par. (2), that beginning on Sept. 27, 2008, importation of Burmese covered articles into the United States is prohibited, subject to certain exceptions; in par. (3), that beginning on Sept. 27, 2008, importation of non-Burmese covered articles into the United States is subject to certain conditions, with certain exceptions; in par. (4), that the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Homeland Security are authorized to issue regulations, licenses, and orders and to conduct necessary investigations to implement the prohibition on Burmese covered articles and the conditions for importation of non-Burmese covered articles set forth in section 3A(b), (c) of Pub. L. 108–61, set out above, and also to redelegate those functions as necessary; in par. (5), that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, is authorized to perform the functions set forth in section 3A(c)(2)(A) of Pub. L. 108–61 relating to the issuance of waivers and may redelegate those functions; in par. (6), that the United States Trade Representative is authorized to perform the functions specified in section 3A(b)(3)(A) of Pub. L. 108–61; and, in pars. (7) to (9), that the Secretary of State is authorized to perform the functions specified in sections 3(b) and 3A(b)(3)(B) of Pub. L. 108–61, as well as the functions in section 3A(g) of that Act, in consultation with the United States Trade Representative.]
[Certain powers of President under sections 3(a) and 4 of Pub. L. 108–61, set out above, delegated to Secretary of the Treasury and functions and authorities of President under section 3(b) of Pub. L. 108–61 delegated to Secretary of State by section 9 of Ex. Ord. No. 13310, July 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 44854, listed in a table below.]
[Certain powers of President under section 4 of Pub. L. 108–61, set out above, delegated to Secretary of the Treasury by section 6 of Ex. Ord. No. 13448, Oct. 18, 2007, 72 F.R. 60225, listed in a table below.]
Provisions similar to those contained in section 5(a) of Pub. L. 108–61, set out above, were contained in the following appropriation acts:
Pub. L. 112–74, div. I, title VII, § 7044(b)(1), Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1230.
Pub. L. 111–117, div. F, title VII, § 7071(b)(1), Dec. 16, 2009, 123 Stat. 3388.
Pub. L. 111–8, div. H, title VII, § 7071(b)(1), Mar. 11, 2009, 123 Stat. 903.
Pub. L. 110–161, div. J, title VI, § 638(b)(1), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2333.
Pub. L. 109–102, title V, § 526(a), Nov. 14, 2005, 119 Stat. 2205.
Pub. L. 108–447, div. D, title V, § 531(a), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3004.
Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title V, § 531(a), Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 180.
Pub. L. 112–163, § 3(b), (c), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1277, provided that:
“(b) Renewal of Import Restrictions.—“(1) In general.—Congress approves the renewal of the import restrictions contained in section 3(a)(1) and section 3A (b)(1) and (c)(1) of the Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003 [Pub. L. 108–61, set out above].
“(2) Rule of construction.—This section shall be deemed to be a ‘renewal resolution’ for purposes of section 9 of the Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003.
“(c) Effective Date.—This section [enacting this note and amending Pub. L. 108–61, set out above] and the amendment made by this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 10, 2012] or July 26, 2012, whichever occurs first.”
Prior similar provisions were contained in the following Acts:
Pub. L. 112–36, § 140, Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 391.
Pub. L. 112–33, § 140, Sept. 30, 2011, 125 Stat. 368.
Pub. L. 111–210, § 1, July 27, 2010, 124 Stat. 2256.
Pub. L. 111–42, title I, § 102, July 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 1963.
Pub. L. 110–287, § 1, July 29, 2008, 122 Stat. 2649.
Pub. L. 110–52, §§ 1, 4, Aug. 1, 2007, 121 Stat. 264.
Pub. L. 109–251, § 2, Aug. 1, 2006, 120 Stat. 654.
Pub. L. 109–39, July 27, 2005, 119 Stat. 409.
Pub. L. 108–272, July 7, 2004, 118 Stat. 818.
Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(c) [title V, § 570], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–121, 3009–166, as amended by Pub. L. 117–81, div. E, title LI, § 5114(a)(1), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2351, provided that:
“(a) Until such time as the President determines and certifies to Congress that Burma has made measurable and substantial progress in improving human rights practices and implementing democratic government, the following sanctions shall be imposed on Burma:“(1) Bilateral assistance.—There shall be no United States assistance to the Government of Burma, other than:“(A) humanitarian assistance,
“(B) subject to the regular notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations, counter-narcotics assistance under chapter 8 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [Pub. L. 87–195], or crop substitution assistance, if the Secretary of State certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that—“(i) the Government of Burma is fully cooperating with United States counter-narcotics efforts, and
“(ii) the programs are fully consistent with United States human rights concerns in Burma and serve the United States national interest, and
“(C) assistance promoting human rights and democratic values.
“(2) Multilateral assistance.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States executive director of each international financial institution to vote against any loan or other utilization of funds of the respective bank to or for Burma.
“(3) Visas.—Except as required by treaty obligations or to staff the Burmese mission to the United States, the United States should not grant entry visas to any Burmese government official.
“(b) Conditional Sanctions.—The President is hereby authorized to prohibit, and shall prohibit[,] United States persons from new investment in Burma, if the President determines and certifies to Congress that, after the date of enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996], the Government of Burma has physically harmed, rearrested for political acts, or exiled Daw Aung San Suu Kyi or has committed large-scale repression of or violence against the Democratic opposition.
“(c) Multilateral Strategy.—The President shall develop, in coordination with likeminded countries, a comprehensive, multilateral strategy to—“(1) support democratic governance and inclusive and representative civilian government, including by supporting entities promoting democracy in Burma and denying legitimacy and resources to the military junta;
“(2) support organizations that represent the democratic aspirations of the people of Burma in the struggle against the military junta;
“(3) impose costs on the military junta;
“(4) secure the unconditional release of all political prisoners in Burma;
“(5) promote genuine national reconciliation among Burma’s diverse ethnic and religious groups;
“(6) provide humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons in Burma, particularly in areas targeted by the military junta, and in neighboring countries for refugees from Burma;
“(7) pursue accountability for atrocities, human rights violations, and crimes against humanity committed by the military junta or the Tatmadaw; and
“(8) counter corrosive malign influence of the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation in Burma.
“(d) Presidential Reports.—Every year following the enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996], the President shall report to the Chairmen of the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on International Relations and the House and Senate Appropriations Committees on the following:“(1) progress towards inclusive, democratic governance in Burma;
“(2) improvements in human rights practices and accountability for atrocities, human rights violations, and crimes against humanity committed by the Tatmadaw, or military junta of Burma;
“(3) progress toward broad-based and inclusive economic growth;
“(4) progress toward genuine national reconciliation;
“(5) steps taken to impose costs on the military junta;
“(6) progress made in advancing the strategy referred to in subsection (c); and
“(7) actions by the People’s Republic of China or the Russian Federation that undermine the sovereignty, stability, or unity of Burma.
“(e) Waiver Authority.—The President shall have the authority to waive, temporarily or permanently, any sanction referred to in subsection (a) or subsection (b) if he determines and certifies to Congress that the application of such sanction would be contrary to the national security interests of the United States.
“(f) Definitions.—“(1) The term ‘international financial institutions’ shall include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, the Asian Development Bank, and the International Monetary Fund.
“(2) The term ‘new investment’ shall mean any of the following activities if such an activity is undertaken pursuant to an agreement, or pursuant to the exercise of rights under such an agreement, that is entered into with the Government of Burma or a nongovernmental entity in Burma, on or after the date of the certification under subsection (b):“(A) the entry into a contract that includes the economical development of resources located in Burma, or the entry into a contract providing for the general supervision and guarantee of another person’s performance of such a contract;
“(B) the purchase of a share of ownership, including an equity interest, in that development;
“(C) the entry into a contract providing for the participation in royalties, earnings, or profits in that development, without regard to the form of the participation:
Provided, That the term ‘new investment’ does not include the entry into, performance of, or financing of a contract to sell or purchase goods, services, or technology.”
[Pub. L. 117–81, div. E, title LI, § 5114(a)(1), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2351, which directed the amendment of section 570 of Pub. L. 104–208, was executed by amending Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(c) [title V, § 570] (set out above), to reflect the probable intent of Congress.]
[Pub. L. 117–81, div. E, title LI, § 5114(a)(2), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2352, provided that: “The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending section 570 Pub. L. 104–208, set out above] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 27, 2021] and apply with respect to the first report required under subsection (d) of section 570 of Public Law 104–208 [set out above] that is required after the date of the enactment of this Act.”
]
Presidential Determination Pursuant to Section 570(a) of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1997
Determination of President of the United States, No. 2017–04, Dec. 2, 2016, 81 F.R. 94211, provided:
Memorandum for the Secretary of State
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including section 570(a) of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1997 (Public Law 104–208) (the “Act”), I hereby determine and certify, pursuant to section 570(a) of the Act, that Burma has made measurable and substantial progress in improving human rights practices and implementing democratic government.
You are authorized and directed to provide this determination and the accompanying Memorandum of Justification to the Congress and to publish the determination in the Federal Register.
Barack Obama.
Limited Waiver of Certain Sanctions Imposed by, and Delegation of Certain Authorities Pursuant to, the Tom Lantos Block Burmese JADE (Junta’s Anti-Democratic Efforts) Act of 2008
Determination of President of the United States, No. 2009–11, Jan. 15, 2009, 74 F.R. 3957, provided:
Memorandum for the Secretary of State [and] the Secretary of the Treasury
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States, including the Tom Lantos Block Burmese JADE (Junta’s Anti-Democratic Efforts) Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–286) (JADE Act) [set out as a note above] and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, in order to ensure that the United States Government’s sanctions against the Burmese leadership and its supporters continue to be implemented effectively, to allow the reconciliation of measures applicable to persons sanctioned under the JADE Act with measures applicable to the same persons sanctioned under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), and to allow for the implementation of additional appropriate sanctions:
(1) I hereby waive, pursuant to section 5(i) of the JADE Act, the provisions of section 5(b) of the JADE Act with respect to those persons described in section 5(a)(1) of the JADE Act who are not included on the Department of the Treasury’s List of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons. Because the imposition of effective and meaningful blocking sanctions requires the identification of those individuals and entities targeted for sanction and the authorization of certain limited exceptions to the prohibitions and restrictions that would otherwise apply, I hereby determine and certify that such a limited waiver is in the national interest of the United States.
(2) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury the waiver authority set forth in section 5(i) of the JADE Act, including the authority to invoke or revoke the waiver with respect to any person or persons or any transaction or category of transactions or prohibitions by making the necessary determination and certification regarding the national interest of the United States set forth in that section. I hereby direct the Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the Secretary of State and with necessary support from the Intelligence Community, as defined in section 3(4) of the National Security Act of 1947, as amended ([former] 50 U.S.C. 401a(4)) [now 50 U.S.C. 3003(4)], to continue to target aggressively the Burmese regime and its lines of support. I further delegate to the Secretary of the Treasury the authority to take such actions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of section 5(b) of the JADE Act. The Secretary of the Treasury may redelegate any of these functions to other officers and agencies of the United States Government consistent with applicable law. The authorities delegated to the Secretary of the Treasury under this memorandum shall be exercised after consultation with the Secretary of State.
(3) I authorize the Secretary of State, after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, to take such actions as may be necessary to make the submissions to the appropriate congressional committees pursuant to section 5(d) of the JADE Act.
I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of the Treasury to report this determination to the appropriate congressional committees and to publish it in the Federal Register.
George W. Bush.
Sudan PeacePub. L. 108–497, Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 4012, as amended by Pub. L. 109–344, §§ 5(a), (b), 8(b), Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 1875, 1876, 1879, known as the Comprehensive Peace in Sudan Act of 2004, which enforced a comprehensive peace agreement for Sudan, as envisioned in the Sudan Peace Act and the Machakos Protocol of 2002, and continued to provide humanitarian assistance to the areas of Sudan to which the United States has access, was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, § 1270E(b), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3978, effective Jan. 1, 2020.
Pub. L. 107–245, Oct. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1504, as amended by Pub. L. 108–497, § 5, Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 4016; Pub. L. 109–344, § 9, Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 1880, known as the Sudan Peace Act, which authorized increased assistance to the areas of Sudan not controlled by the Government of Sudan to prepare the population for peace and democratic governance, was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, § 1270E(a), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3978, effective Jan. 1, 2020.
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Oct. 26, 2020, 85 F.R. 71213, certified, pursuant to section 6(e) of the Comprehensive Peace in Sudan Act of 2004 (Pub. L. 108–497, formerly set out above), that the Government of Sudan has taken demonstrable steps in accordance with section 12(a)(2) of the Sudan Peace Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–245, formerly set out above).]
Presidential Determinations on the Sudan Peace Act
Provisions certifying good faith negotiations between the Government of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement were contained in the following:
Determination of President of the United States, No. 2004–29, Apr. 21, 2004, 69 F.R. 24905.
Determination of President of the United States, No. 2004–05, Oct. 21, 2003, 68 F.R. 63977.
Determination of President of the United States, No. 2003–21, Apr. 21, 2003, 68 F.R. 20329.
Assistance Efforts in SudanPub. L. 108–199, div. D, title V, § 534(j), Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 182, defined terms for purposes of section 501 of Pub. L. 106–570, formerly set out below.
Pub. L. 106–570, title V, § 501, Dec. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 3050, authorized the President to undertake appropriate programs with indigenous groups, agencies, or organizations in areas outside of control of the Government of Sudan in order to benefit the economic development of that area and its people and exempted exports from those areas from the export prohibitions of Ex. Ord. No. 13067, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–344, § 8(a), Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 1879.
Iran, North Korea, and Syria NonproliferationPub. L. 106–178, Mar. 14, 2000, 114 Stat. 38, as amended by Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, § 1306, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1438; Pub. L. 109–112, §§ 3–4(e)(1), Nov. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2368, 2369; Pub. L. 109–353, § 3, Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 2015; Pub. L. 110–329, div. A, § 125, Sept. 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 3577; Pub. L. 112–273, § 4, Jan. 14, 2013, 126 Stat. 2454; Pub. L. 116–94, div. I, title VII, § 701, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3028; Pub. L. 118–159, div. G, title LXXVIII, § 7805, Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2560, provided that:
[Pub. L. 109–112, § 3(a)(2), Nov. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2368, which directed amendment of “section 7(1)(B)” of Pub. L. 106–178, set out above, by inserting at end “except that such term does not mean payments in cash or in kind made or to be made by the United States Government prior to January 1, 2012, for work to be performed or services to be rendered prior to that date necessary to meet United States obligations under the Agreement Concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station, with annex, signed at Washington January 29, 1998, and entered into force March 27, 2001, or any protocol, agreement, memorandum of understanding, or contract related thereto.”, was executed by inserting text as concluding provisions of par. (1), to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Subsequent amendments by Pub. L. 110–329 and Pub. L. 112–173, which also directed amendment of section “7(1)(B)”, were executed by making the amendments to such concluding provisions.]
[Pub. L. 109–112, § 4(e)(2), Nov. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2370, provided that: “Any reference in a law, regulation, document, or other record of the United States to the Iran Nonproliferation Act of 2000 [now Iran, North Korea, and Syria Nonproliferation Act, Pub. L. 106–198, set out above] shall be deemed to be a reference to the Iran and Syria Nonproliferation Act.”
]
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 56209, delegated to the Secretary of State functions and authorities conferred on the President under Pub. L. 106–178, set out above, with the exception of section 6(f) and (g), from which were delegated to the Secretary of State only section 6(f)(2)(A) and (g)(1)(B), with the remaining functions and authorities under section 6(f) and (g) delegated to the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and provided that authorities and functions delegated by the memorandum could be redelegated.]
Application of Authorities Under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to Communist Chinese Military CompaniesPub. L. 105–261, div. A, title XII, § 1237, Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2160, as amended by Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title XII, § 1233], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–330; Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title XII, § 1222, Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 2089, provided that:
“(a) Presidential Authority.—“(1) In general.—The President may exercise IEEPA authorities (other than authorities relating to importation) without regard to section 202 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701) in the case of any commercial activity in the United States by a person that is on the list published under subsection (b).
“(2) Penalties.—The penalties set forth in section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) apply to violations of any license, order, or regulation issued under paragraph (1).
“(3) Ieepa authorities.—For purposes of paragraph (1), the term ‘IEEPA authorities’ means the authorities set forth in section 203(a) of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702(a)).
“(b) Determination and Reporting of Communist Chinese Military Companies Operating in United States.—“(1) Initial determination and reporting.—Not later than March 1, 2001, the Secretary of Defense shall make a determination of those persons operating directly or indirectly in the United States or any of its territories and possessions that are Communist Chinese military companies and shall submit a list of those persons in classified and unclassified form to the following:“(A) The Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives.
“(B) The Committee on Armed Services of the Senate.
“(C) The Secretary of State.
“(D) The Secretary of the Treasury.
“(E) The Attorney General.
“(F) The Secretary of Commerce.
“(G) The Secretary of Energy.
“(H) The Director of Central Intelligence.
“(2) Annual revisions to the list.—The Secretary of Defense shall make additions or deletions to the list submitted under paragraph (1) on an annual basis based on the latest information available and shall submit the updated list not later than February 1, each year to the committees and officers specified in paragraph (1).
“(3) Consultation.—The Secretary of Defense shall consult with the following officers in carrying out paragraphs (1) and (2):“(A) The Attorney General.
“(B) The Director of Central Intelligence.
“(C) The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
“(4) Communist chinese military company.—For purposes of making the determination required by paragraph (1) and of carrying out paragraph (2), the term ‘Communist Chinese military company’ means—“(A) any person identified in the Defense Intelligence Agency publication numbered VP–1920–271–90, dated September 1990, or PC–1921–57–95, dated October 1995, and any update of those publications for the purposes of this section; and
“(B) any other person that—“(i) is owned or controlled by, or affiliated with, the People’s Liberation Army or a ministry of the government of the People’s Republic of China or that is owned or controlled by an entity affiliated with the defense industrial base of the People’s Republic of China; and
“(ii) is engaged in providing commercial services, manufacturing, producing, or exporting.
“(c) People’s Liberation Army.—For purposes of this section, the term ‘People’s Liberation Army’ means the land, naval, and air military services, the police, and the intelligence services of the Communist Government of the People’s Republic of China, and any member of any such service or of such police.”
[Reference to the Director of Central Intelligence or the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Director’s capacity as the head of the intelligence community deemed to be a reference to the Director of National Intelligence. Reference to the Director of Central Intelligence or the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Director’s capacity as the head of the Central Intelligence Agency deemed to be a reference to the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. See section 1081(a), (b) of Pub. L. 108–458, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.]
[For termination, effective Dec. 31, 2021, of annual reporting provisions in section 1237(b)(2) of Pub. L. 105–261, set out above, see section 1061 of Pub. L. 114–328, set out as a note under section 111 of Title 10, Armed Forces.]
Iran SanctionsPub. L. 104–172, Aug. 5, 1996, 110 Stat. 1541, as amended by Pub. L. 107–24, §§ 2(a), 3–5, Aug. 3, 2001, 115 Stat. 199, 200; Pub. L. 109–267, § 1, Aug. 4, 2006, 120 Stat. 680; Pub. L. 109–293, title II, §§ 201–202(b), 203–205(g)(1), Sept. 30, 2006, 120 Stat. 1345–1347; Pub. L. 111–195, title I, § 102(a)–(g), July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1317–1324; Pub. L. 112–158, title II, §§ 201, 202(a), 203, 204(a), 205–207(a), title III, § 311(a), (b)(1), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1219, 1221, 1223, 1225–1227, 1247, 1248; Pub. L. 114–277, § 2, Dec. 15, 2016, 130 Stat. 1409, provided that:
[Pub. L. 112–158, title II, § 202(b), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1223, provided that: “Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 10, 2012], the President shall prescribe such regulations or guidelines as are necessary to implement paragraphs (7), (8), and (9) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 [Pub. L. 104–172, set out above], as added by this section, including such regulations or guidelines as are necessary to implement subparagraph (B) of such paragraph (8).”
]
[Pub. L. 112–158, title II, § 204(b), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1226, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending section 6(a) of Pub. L. 104–172, set out above] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 10, 2012] and apply with respect to activities described in subsections (a) and (b) of section 5 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 [Pub. L. 104–172, set out above], as amended by this title, commenced on or after such date of enactment.”
]
[Pub. L. 112–158, title II, § 207(b), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1227, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending section 14 of Pub. L. 104–172, set out above] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 10, 2012] and apply with respect to activities described in subsections (a) and (b) of section 5 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 [Pub. L. 104–172, set out above], as amended by this title, commenced on or after such date of enactment.”
]
[Pub. L. 111–195, title I, § 102(h), July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1325, provided that:
[“(1) In general.—The amendments made by this section [amending Pub. L. 104–172, set out above] shall—
[“(A) take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [July 1, 2010]; and
[“(B) except as provided in this subsection or section 6(b)(7) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 [Pub. L. 104–172, set out above], as amended by subsection (b) of this section, apply with respect to an investment or activity described in subsection (a) or (b) of section 5 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by this section, that is commenced on or after such date of enactment.
[“(2) Applicability to ongoing investments prohibited under prior law.—A person that makes an investment described in section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act, that is commenced before such date of enactment and continues on or after such date of enactment, shall, except as provided in paragraph (4), be subject to the provisions of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as in effect on the day before such date of enactment.
[“(3) Applicability to ongoing activities relating to chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons or related technologies.—A person that, before the date of the enactment of this Act, commenced an activity described in section 5(b) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as in effect on the day before such date of enactment, and continues the activity on or after such date of enactment, shall be subject to the provisions of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by this Act.
[“(4) Applicability of mandatory investigations to investments.—The amendments made by subsection (g)(5) of this section [amending section 4 of Pub. L. 104–172, set out above] shall apply on and after the date of the enactment of this Act—
[“(A) with respect to an investment described in section 5(a)(1) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, that is commenced on or after such date of enactment; and
[“(B) with respect to an investment described in section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act, that is commenced before such date of enactment and continues on or after such date of enactment.
[“(5) Applicability of mandatory investigations to activities relating to petroleum.—
[“(A) In general.—Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the amendments made by subsection (g)(5) of this section shall apply on and after the date that is 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act with respect to an activity described in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, that is commenced on or after the date that is 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act or the date on which the President fails to submit a certification that is required under subparagraph (B) (whichever is applicable).
[“(B) Special rule for delay of effective date.—
[“(i) Reporting requirement.—Not later than 30 days before the date that is 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report describing—
[“(I) the diplomatic and other efforts of the President—
[“(aa) to dissuade foreign persons from engaging in activities described in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (a) of this section; and
[“(bb) to encourage other governments to dissuade persons over which those governments have jurisdiction from engaging in such activities;
[“(II) the successes and failures of the efforts described in subclause (I); and
[“(III) each investigation under section 4(e) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (g)(5) of this section and as in effect pursuant to subparagraph (C) of this paragraph, or any other review of an activity described in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, that is initiated or ongoing during the period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act and ending on the date on which the President is required to submit the report.
[“(ii) Certification.—If the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees, with the report required by clause (i), a certification that there was a substantial reduction in activities described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, during the period described in clause (i)(III), the effective date provided for in subparagraph (A) shall be delayed for a 180-day period beginning after the date provided for in that subparagraph.
[“(iii) Subsequent reports and delays.—The effective date provided for in subparagraph (A) shall be delayed for additional 180-day periods occurring after the end of the 180-day period provided for under clause (ii), if, not later than 30 days before the 180-day period preceding such additional 180-day period expires, the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees—
[“(I) a report containing the matters required in the report under clause (i) for the period beginning on the date on which the preceding report was required to be submitted under clause (i) or this clause (as the case may be) and ending on the date on which the President is required to submit the most recent report under this clause; and
[“(II) a certification that, during the period described in subclause (I), there was (as compared to the period for which the preceding report was submitted under this subparagraph) a progressive reduction in activities described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (a) of this section.
[“(iv) Consequence of failure to certify.—If the President does not make a certification at a time required by this subparagraph—
[“(I) the amendments made by subsection (g)(5) of this section shall apply on and after the date on which the certification was required to be submitted by this subparagraph, with respect to an activity described in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, that—
[“(aa) is referenced in the most recent report required to be submitted under this subparagraph; or
[“(bb) is commenced on or after the date on which such most recent report is required to be submitted; and
[“(II) not later than 45 days after the date on which the certification was required to be submitted by this subparagraph, the President shall make a determination under paragraph (2) or (3) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (as the case may be), as amended by subsection (a) of this section, with respect to relevant activities described in subclause (I)(aa).
[“(C) Applicability of permissive investigations.—During the 1-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act and during any 180-day period during which the effective date provided for in subparagraph (A) is delayed pursuant to subparagraph (B), section 4(e) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (g)(5) of this section, shall be applied, with respect to an activity described in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, by substituting ‘should’ for ‘shall’ each place it appears.
[“(6) Waiver authority.—The amendments made by subsection (c) [amending section 9 of Pub. L. 104–172, set out above] shall not be construed to affect any exercise of the authority under section 9(c) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act.”]
[For definition of “appropriate congressional committees” as used in section 102(h) of Pub. L. 111–195, set out above, see section 8511 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.]
[Functions of President under section 102(h)(5) of Pub. L. 111–195, set out above, delegated to Secretary of State by Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 23, 2010, 75 F.R. 67025, set out as a note under section 8501 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.]
[Pub. L. 109–293, title II, § 202(c), Sept. 30, 2006, 120 Stat. 1346, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending section 5 of Pub. L. 104–172, set out above] shall apply with respect to actions taken on or after June 6, 2006.”
]
[Pub. L. 109–293, title II, § 205(g)(2), Sept. 30, 2006, 120 Stat. 1347, provided that: “Any reference in any other provision of law, regulation, document, or other record of the United States to the ‘Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996’ shall be deemed to be a reference to the ‘Iran Sanctions Act of 1996’ [Pub. L. 104–172, set out above].”
]
[Pub. L. 107–24, § 2(b), Aug. 3, 2001, 115 Stat. 199, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending section 5 of Pub. L. 104–172, set out above] shall apply to investments made on or after June 13, 2001.”
]
[For delegation of certain functions of President under sections 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10 of Pub. L. 104–172, set out above, see Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 23, 2010, 75 F.R. 67025, set out as a note under section 8501 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.]
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Nov. 21, 1996, 61 F.R. 64249, delegated to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Departments of the Treasury and Commerce and the United States Trade Representative, and with the Export-Import Bank and Federal Reserve Board and other interested agencies as appropriate functions vested in the President by section 4(c), former section 5(a), section 5(b), (c), (f), former section 6(1), (2) (now section 6(a)(1), (2)), and section 9(c) of Pub. L. 104–172, set out above, delegated to the Secretary of State functions vested in the President by section 4(a), (b), former section 4(d), (e) (now (d)), and sections 5(d), (e), 9(a), (b), and 10 of Pub. L. 104–172, provided that any reference to provisions of any Act related to the subject of the memorandum be deemed to include references to any subsequent provision of law that is the same or substantially the same as such provisions, and provided that only the functions vested in the President by section 4(a), (b), former section 4(d), (e) (now (d)), and sections 5(d), (e) and 10 of Pub. L. 104–172 and delegated by the memorandum could be redelegated.]
Determination and Certification under Section 8(b) of the Iran and Libya Sanctions Act
Determination of President of the United States, No. 2004–30, Apr. 23, 2004, 69 F.R. 24907, provided:
Memorandum for the Secretary of State
Pursuant to section 8(b) of the Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996 [now Iran Sanctions Act of 1996] (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note), as amended (Public Law 107–24), I hereby determine and certify that Libya has fulfilled the requirements of United Nations Security Council Resolution 731, adopted January 21, 1992, United Nations Security Council Resolution 748, adopted March 31, 1992, and United Nations Security Council Resolution 883, adopted November 11, 1993.
You are authorized and directed to transmit this determination and certification to the appropriate congressional committees and to arrange for its publication in the Federal Register.
George W. Bush.
Sanctions Against Serbia and MontenegroPub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(2) [title V, § 599], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–127, provided that:
“(a) Continuation of Executive Branch Sanctions.—The sanctions listed in subsection (b) shall remain in effect for fiscal year 2000, unless the President submits to the Committees on Appropriations and Foreign Relations in the Senate and the Committees on Appropriations and International Relations [now Foreign Affairs] of the House of Representatives a certification described in subsection (c).
“(b) Applicable Sanctions.—“(1) The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States executive directors of the international financial institutions to work in opposition to, and vote against, any extension by such institutions of any financial or technical assistance or grants of any kind to the government of Serbia.
“(2) The Secretary of State should instruct the United States Ambassador to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) to block any consensus to allow the participation of Serbia in the OSCE or any organization affiliated with the OSCE.
“(3) The Secretary of State should instruct the United States Representative to the United Nations to vote against any resolution in the United Nations Security Council to admit Serbia to the United Nations or any organization affiliated with the United Nations, to veto any resolution to allow Serbia to assume the United Nations’ membership of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and to take action to prevent Serbia from assuming the seat formerly occupied by the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
“(4) The Secretary of State should instruct the United States Permanent Representative on the Council of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to oppose the extension of the Partnership for Peace program or any other organization affiliated with NATO to Serbia.
“(5) The Secretary of State should instruct the United States Representatives to the Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) to oppose and to work to prevent the extension of SECI membership to Serbia.
“(c) Certification.—A certification described in this subsection is a certification that—“(1) the representatives of the successor states to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia have successfully negotiated the division of assets and liabilities and all other succession issues following the dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia;
“(2) the Government of Serbia is fully complying with its obligations as a signatory to the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina;
“(3) the Government of Serbia is fully cooperating with and providing unrestricted access to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, including surrendering persons indicted for war crimes who are within the jurisdiction of the territory of Serbia, and with the investigations concerning the commission of war crimes and crimes against humanity in Kosova;
“(4) the Government of Serbia is implementing internal democratic reforms; and
“(5) Serbian federal governmental officials, and representatives of the ethnic Albanian community in Kosova have agreed on, signed, and begun implementation of a negotiated settlement on the future status of Kosova.
“(d) Statement of Policy.—It is the sense of the Congress that the United States should not restore full diplomatic relations with Serbia until the President submits to the Committees on Appropriations and Foreign Relations in the Senate and the Committees on Appropriations and International Relations [now Foreign Affairs] in the House of Representatives the certification described in subsection (c).
“(e) Exemption of Montenegro and Kosova.—The sanctions described in subsection (b) shall not apply to Montenegro or Kosova.
“(f) Definition.—The term ‘international financial institution’ includes the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guaranty Agency, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
“(g) Waiver Authority.—The President may waive the application in whole or in part, of any sanction described in subsection (b) if the President certifies to the Congress that the President has determined that the waiver is necessary to meet emergency humanitarian needs.”
Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(d) [title V, § 539], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–150, 2681–182, provided that:
“(a) Restrictions.—None of the funds in this or any other Act may be made available to modify or remove any sanction, prohibition or requirement with respect to Serbia-Montenegro unless the President first submits to the Congress a certification described in subsection (c).
“(b) International Financial Institutions.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States executive directors of the international financial institutions to work in opposition to, and vote against, any extension by such institutions of any financial or technical assistance or grants of any kind to the government of Serbia-Montenegro, unless the President first submits to the Congress a certification described in subsection (c).
“(c) Certification.—A certification described in this subsection is a certification that—“(1) there is substantial improvement in the human rights situation in Kosova;
“(2) international human rights observers are allowed to return to Kosova;
“(3) Serbian, Serbian-Montenegrin federal government officials, and representatives of the ethnic Albanian community in Kosova have agreed on and begun implementation of a negotiated settlement on the future status of Kosova; and
“(4) the government of Serbia-Montenegro is fully complying with its obligations as a signatory to the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia-Herzegovina including fully cooperating with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia.
“(d) Waiver Authority.—The President may waive the application, in whole or in part, of subsections (a) and (b) if he certifies in writing to the Congress that the waiver is necessary to meet emergency humanitarian needs or to advance negotiations toward a peaceful settlement of the conflict in Kosova that is acceptable to the parties.
“(e) Exemption for Montenegro.—This section shall not apply to Montenegro.”
[For delegation of functions of President under section 101(d) [title V, § 539] of div. A of Pub. L. 105–277, set out above, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.]
Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:
Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(c) [title V, § 540], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–121, 3009–155.
Pub. L. 104–107, title V, § 540A(a)–(c), Feb. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 737.
Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XV, § 1511, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1839, provided that:
“(a) Codification of Executive Branch Sanctions.—The sanctions imposed on Serbia and Montenegro, as in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 30, 1993], that were imposed by or pursuant to the following directives of the executive branch shall (except as provided under subsections (d) and (e)) remain in effect until changed by law:“(1) Executive Order 12808 of May 30, 1992 [listed in a table below], as continued in effect on May 25, 1993.
“(2) Executive Order 12810 of June 5, 1992 [listed in a table below].
“(3) Executive Order 12831 of January 15, 1993 [listed in a table below].
“(4) Executive Order 12846 of April 25, 1993 [listed in a table below].
“(5) Department of State Public Notice 1427, effective July 11, 1991.
“(6) Proclamation 6389 of December 5, 1991 (56 Fed. Register 64467).
“(7) Department of Transportation Order 92–5–38 of May 20, 1992.
“(8) Federal Aviation Administration action of June 19, 1992 (14 C.F.R. Part 91).
“(b) Prohibition on Assistance.—No funds appropriated or otherwise made available by law may be obligated or expended on behalf of the government of Serbia or the government of Montenegro.
“(c) International Financial Institutions.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States executive director of each international financial institution to use the voice and vote of the United States to oppose any assistance from that institution to the government of Serbia or the government of Montenegro, except for basic human needs.
“(d) Exception.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President is authorized and encouraged to exempt from sanctions imposed against Serbia and Montenegro that are described in subsection (a) those United States-supported programs, projects, or activities that involve reform of the electoral process, the development of democratic institutions or democratic political parties, or humanitarian assistance (including refugee care and human rights observation).
“(e) Waiver Authority.—(1) The President may waive or modify the application, in whole or in part, of any sanction described in subsection (a), the prohibition in subsection (b), or the requirement in subsection (c).
“(2) Such a waiver or modification may only be effective upon certification by the President to Congress that the President has determined that the waiver or modification is necessary (A) to meet emergency humanitarian needs, or (B) to achieve a negotiated settlement of the conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina that is acceptable to the parties.”
Presidential Certifications To Suspend Sanctions Imposed on the Government of Serbia and the Government of Montenegro
Provisions suspending sanctions imposed on the governments of Serbia and Montenegro pursuant to section 1511 of Pub. L. 103–160, set out above, were contained in the following:
Determination of President of the United States, No. 01–7, Dec. 19, 2000, 66 F.R. 1013.
Determination of President of the United States, No. 99–14, Feb. 16, 1999, 64 F.R. 9263.
Determination of President of the United States, No. 97–26, May 30, 1997, 62 F.R. 32015.
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–7, Dec. 27, 1995, 61 F.R. 2887.
Iran-Iraq Arms Non-ProliferationPub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XVI, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2571, as amended by Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XIV, § 1408(a)–(c), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 494; Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, § 1308(g)(1)(C), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1441, provided that:
[Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 27, 1994, 59 F.R. 50685, delegated to Secretary of State, in consultation with heads of other departments and agencies, all functions vested in President under title XVI of Pub. L. 102–484, set out above, without limitation of authority of other officials to exercise powers heretofore or hereafter delegated to them to implement sanctions imposed or actions directed by the Secretary pursuant to this delegation of authority.]
Payment of Claims by United States Nationals Against IraqPub. L. 101–519, § 131, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2249, which authorized President to vest title in a portion of property in which transactions were blocked pursuant to Executive Order 12722, listed in a table below, in order to satisfy obligations owed to United States Government and United States nationals for which Iraq had suspended repayment, was repealed by Pub. L. 102–27, title IV, § 402(a), Apr. 10, 1991, 105 Stat. 155, as amended by Pub. L. 102–136, § 126, Oct. 25, 1991, 105 Stat. 643, effective Nov. 5, 1990.
Iraq SanctionsPub. L. 101–513, title V, §§ 586–586J, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2047–2054, provided that:
[Provisions similar to section 586D of Pub. L. 101–513, set out above, relating to compliance with sanctions against Iraq were contained in the following appropriations acts:
[Pub. L. 108–7, div. E, title V, § 531, Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 192.
[Pub. L. 107–115, title V, § 531, Jan. 10, 2002, 115 Stat. 2150.
[Pub. L. 106–429, § 101(a) [title V, § 534], Nov. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 1900, 1900A–34.
[Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(2) [title V, § 534], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–93.
[Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(d) [title V, § 535], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–150, 2681–181.
[Pub. L. 105–118, title V, § 534, Nov. 26, 1997, 111 Stat. 2416.
[Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(c) [title V, § 533], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–121, 3009–152.
[Pub. L. 104–107, title V, § 534, Feb. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 734.
[Pub. L. 103–306, title V, § 538, Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1639.
[Pub. L. 103–87, title V, § 539, Sept. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 957.
[Pub. L. 102–391, title V, § 573, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1683.]
Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title XIV, § 1458, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1697, provided that:
“If the President considers that the taking of such action would promote the effectiveness of the economic sanctions of the United Nations and the United States imposed with respect to Iraq, and is consistent with the national interest, the President may prohibit, for such a period of time as he considers appropriate, the importation into the United States of any or all products of any foreign country that has not—
“(1) prohibited—“(A) the importation of products of Iraq into its customs territory, and
“(B) the export of its products to Iraq; or
“(2) given assurances satisfactory to the President that such import and export sanctions will be promptly implemented.”
Iran Claims SettlementPub. L. 99–93, title V, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 437, provided for the determination of the validity and amounts of claims by United States nationals against Iran which were settled en bloc by the United States.
Executive Documents
Suspending the Iraq Sanctions Act, Making Inapplicable Certain Statutory Provisions Related to Iraq, and Delegating Authorities, Under the Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2003
Determination of President of the United States, No. 2003–23, May 7, 2003, 68 F.R. 26459, provided:
Memorandum for the Secretary of State [and] the Secretary of Commerce
By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including sections 1503 and 1504 of the Emergency Wartime Supplemental Act, 2003 [Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2003], Public Law 108–11 (the “Act”) [117 Stat. 579], and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby:
(1) suspend the application of all of the provisions, other than section 586E, of the Iraq Sanctions Act of 1990, Public Law 101–513 [set out above], and
(2) make inapplicable with respect to Iraq section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, Public Law 87–195, as amended [22 U.S.C. 2371] (the “FAA”), and any other provision of law that applies to countries that have supported terrorism.
In addition, I delegate the functions and authorities conferred upon the President by:
(1) section 1503 of the Act to submit reports to the designated committees of the Congress to the Secretary of Commerce, or until such time as the principal licensing responsibility for the export to Iraq of items on the Commerce Control List has reverted to the Department of Commerce, to the Secretary of the Treasury; and,
(2) section 1504 of the Act to the Secretary of State.
The functions and authorities delegated herein may be further delegated and redelegated to the extent consistent with applicable law.
The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to publish this determination in the Federal Register.
George W. Bush.
Ex. Ord. No. 13761. Recognizing Positive Actions by the Government of Sudan and Providing for the Revocation of Certain Sudan-Related Sanctions
Ex. Ord. No. 13761, Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 5331, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13804, § 1, July 11, 2017, 82 F.R. 32611, provided:
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7201–7211) (TSRA), the Comprehensive Peace in Sudan Act of 2004, as amended (Public Law 108–497) [formerly set out as a note above] (CPSA), the Darfur Peace and Accountability Act of 2006 (Public Law 109–344) (DPAA), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code,
I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, find that the situation that gave rise to the actions taken in Executive Order 13067 of November 3, 1997, and Executive Order 13412 of October 13, 2006, related to the policies and actions of the Government of Sudan has been altered by Sudan’s positive actions over the past 6 months. These actions include a marked reduction in offensive military activity, culminating in a pledge to maintain a cessation of hostilities in conflict areas in Sudan, and steps toward the improvement of humanitarian access throughout Sudan, as well as cooperation with the United States on addressing regional conflicts and the threat of terrorism. Given these developments, and in order to see these efforts sustained and enhanced by the Government of Sudan, I hereby order:
Section 1. Effective October 12, 2017 and provided the criteria in section 12(b) of this order are met, sections 1 and 2 of Executive Order 13067 of November 3, 1997 [listed in a table below], are revoked, and Executive Order 13412 of October 13, 2006 [listed in a table below], is revoked in its entirety. The revocation of those provisions of Executive Order 13067 and of Executive Order 13412 shall not affect any violation of any rules, regulations, orders, licenses, or other forms of administrative action under those orders during the period that those provisions were in effect.
Sec. 2. Pursuant to section 908(a)(3) of TSRA, I hereby determine that it is in the national security interest of the United States to waive, and hereby waive, the application of section 908(a)(1) of TSRA with respect to Sudan.
Sec. 3. Pursuant to section 6(d) of CPSA, I hereby determine and certify that it is in the national interest of the United States to waive, and hereby waive, the application of sections 6(a) and (b) of CPSA.
Sec. 4. The function of the President under section 6(c)(1) of CPSA is assigned to the Secretary of the Treasury.
Sec. 5. The functions of the President under section 6(c)(2) and the last sentence of section 6(d) of CPSA are assigned to the Secretary of State, except that the function of denial of entry is assigned to the Secretary of Homeland Security.
Sec. 6. The function of the President under section 8 of DPAA is assigned to the Secretary of State.
Sec. 7. The Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce are authorized to issue regulations, licenses, and orders, and conduct such investigations as may be necessary, to implement the provisions of section 906 of TSRA.
Sec. 8. This order is not intended to, and does not, otherwise affect the national emergency declared in Executive Order 13067 of November 3, 1997, as expanded in scope by Executive Order 13400 of April 26, 2006, which shall remain in place.
Sec. 9. This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
Sec. 10. On or before October 12, 2017, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of National Intelligence, and the Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development, and based on a consideration of relevant and credible information from available sources, including nongovernmental organizations, shall provide to the President a report on whether the Government of Sudan has sustained the positive actions that gave rise to this order, including carrying out its pledge to maintain a cessation of hostilities in conflict areas in Sudan; continued improvement of humanitarian access throughout Sudan; and maintaining its cooperation with the United States on addressing regional conflicts and the threat of terrorism. As much of the report as possible, consistent with sources and methods, shall be unclassified and made public.
Sec. 11. [Revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13804, § 1(d), July 11, 2017, 82 F.R. 32611.]
Sec. 12. (a) This order is effective on January 13, 2017, except for sections 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of this order;
(b) Sections 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of this order are effective on October 12, 2017, provided that the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of National Intelligence, and the Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development, has published a notice in the Federal Register on or before that date, stating that the Government of Sudan has sustained the positive actions that gave rise to this order and that the Secretary of State has provided to the President the report described in section 10 of this order.
Promoting Accountability for Conflict-Related Sexual Violence
Memorandum of President of the United States, Nov. 28, 2022, 87 F.R. 74485, provided:
Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, and in order to enhance United States policy and approach to prevent and respond to conflict-related sexual violence worldwide, it is hereby ordered as follows:
Section 1. Policy. Conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) has devastating effects on individuals and communities, undermines peace and security, and prevents inclusive and sustainable development. Yet wherever conflicts or crises occur, sexual violence continues to be wielded as a tool or is a byproduct of armed conflict. Impunity for CRSV remains widespread, with accountability and justice the rare exception. For each rape reported in connection with a conflict, the United Nations estimates that 10 to 20 cases go undocumented, in part due to the impunity of perpetrators. Among the best ways to prevent CRSV worldwide are to advance global gender equity and equality and change harmful societal gender norms; prioritize prevention measures and locally-driven responses to all forms of gender-based violence, including through respect for human rights and international humanitarian law and equal protection under the law; and address impunity related to these brutal, yet often unreported, acts.
The United States does not accept CRSV as an inevitable cost of armed conflict and is committed to supporting survivors of this scourge by invoking all tools available, including legal, policy, diplomatic, and financial tools, to deter such violence, break the vicious cycle of impunity, and provide the necessary services to survivors. The United States has numerous frameworks, including laws and policies, through which to respond to and address CRSV, but more action is required to use them fully and in a manner that responds to the full scale of this problem. These efforts to address impunity and increase accountability for CRSV will complement a broader, holistic approach to preventing and responding to this scourge, which includes advancing gender equity and equality; prioritizing the immediate needs of survivors; and amplifying survivor voices in transitional justice, the provision of services, and peace and political processes.
It is the policy of the United States to fully exercise existing authorities to impose economic sanctions and implement visa restrictions in order to promote justice and accountability for acts of CRSV; devote the necessary resources to ensure regular coordination and reporting on CRSV incidents and to conduct training on CRSV issues more broadly, including to support the designation of sanctions targets; strengthen the implementation of other existing tools and authorities to promote accountability for CRSV, including the provision of United States security assistance; and broaden engagement with foreign partner governments to encourage the establishment and use of their own tools to promote justice and accountability.
Sec. 2. Advancing Accountability for Acts of CRSV through Existing Sanctions Authorities. (a) Executive Order 13818 of December 20, 2017 (Blocking the Property of Persons Involved in Serious Human Rights Abuse or Corruption) [listed in a table below], builds on and implements the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act, [subtitle F of title XII of div. A of] Public Law 114–328 (the “Act”) [22 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.], and authorizes the imposition of sanctions on persons, including both individuals and entities, responsible for or complicit in, or who have directly or indirectly engaged in, serious human rights abuse, as well as individuals who are or have been leaders or officials of an entity, including any government entity, that has engaged in, or which has members who have engaged in, serious human rights abuses relating to their tenure, among other things. It is the policy of the United States that an act of CRSV, committed by either state or non-state actors, may constitute a “serious human rights abuse” for purposes of designation under Executive Order 13818, as well as other similar authorities, and in furtherance of the policy reflected in the Act.
(b) In addition to the authorities described in subsection (a) of this section, many country-specific sanctions programs also contain criteria for the imposition of sanctions on persons engaged in or otherwise connected to activities that may include CRSV. For example, numerous sanctions programs, including country-specific programs related to Belarus, Burma, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iran, Libya, Mali, Nicaragua, Somalia, North Korea, the Russian Federation, South Sudan, Syria, Venezuela, the Western Balkans, and Zimbabwe, include criteria for targeting certain abuses or violations of human rights, which may include CRSV depending on specific facts and circumstances. It is the policy of the United States to promote accountability for perpetrators of acts of CRSV through relevant existing sanctions authorities, where applicable, and to ensure that these authorities are used to the fullest extent possible to target perpetrators of acts of CRSV and their enablers.
(c) I hereby direct the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Attorney General, and the Director of National Intelligence to undertake the following actions, including by issuing guidance or regulations as appropriate:
(i) ensure equal consideration of and attention to acts of CRSV as the conduct supporting designation when identifying appropriate targets and compiling information necessary for the preparation of sanctions packages under applicable authorities, including those identified in this section; and
(ii) strengthen the capacity of executive departments and agencies (agencies) to collect, identify, assess, and share information on CRSV as appropriate, including by consulting with local civil society organizations, taking into account the importance of safely gathering information from survivors to support potential designations under existing sanctions authorities.
Sec. 3. Advancing Accountability for Acts of CRSV Through Additional Measures and Authorities. The United States is committed to using all available tools, including those pertaining to security assistance and visa eligibility, to prevent and respond to CRSV and promote accountability for perpetrators. Heads of agencies, including the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury, are directed to use existing authorities to the fullest extent possible to promote accountability for acts of CRSV, including considering acts of CRSV when assessing the potential application of existing laws and regulations, including, where appropriate, the laws known as the “Leahy Laws” (22 U.S.C. 2378d and 10 U.S.C. 362) and sections 7031(c) [8 U.S.C. 1182 note] and 7048(g) [136 Stat. 664] of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2022 (Div. K, Public Law 117–103, as carried forward by the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2023 (Div. A, Public Law 117–180)), as well as similar provisions in future acts.
Sec. 4. Building Coalitions of Like-Minded Nations and Engaging International Organizations in Promoting Accountability for Acts of CRSV. Bilateral relationships with allies and partners, as well as engagement in multilateral fora and our relationships with international organizations, are critical to promote justice and accountability for acts of CRSV and bring global attention to this issue. Agencies engaged abroad shall reinforce the work they have done and amplify efforts with other nations—bilaterally and within multilateral fora—and with international organizations to broaden the number of countries willing to support accountability for acts of CRSV and to strengthen policies and locally-driven programming in multilateral institutions, including efforts to address the immediate and long-term needs of survivors, to promote accountability and justice for acts of CRSV.
Sec. 5. Definition. For the purposes of this memorandum, the term “conflict-related sexual violence” (CRSV) refers to incidents or patterns of sexual violence that occur in conflict or post-conflict situations with a direct or indirect link to conflict. CRSV may include rape, sexual slavery, sex trafficking, forced pregnancy, forced sterilization, and any other form of sexual violence of comparable gravity, against individuals of all gender identities. Depending on the circumstances, acts of CRSV can constitute war crimes, crimes against humanity, or acts of genocide, and therefore may constitute crimes that are punishable under international law.
Sec. 6. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This memorandum shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This memorandum is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
(d) The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
J.R. Biden, Jr.
EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS DECLARING NATIONAL EMERGENCIES
Provisions relating to the exercise of Presidential authorities to declare national emergencies for unusual and extraordinary threats with respect to the actions of certain persons and countries are contained in the following:
Afghanistan (Taliban)
Ex. Ord. No. 13129, July 4, 1999, 64 F.R. 36759, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13268, July 2, 2002, 67 F.R. 44751.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13129 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 30, 2001, 66 F.R. 35363.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 30, 2000, 65 F.R. 41549.
Ex. Ord. No. 13268, July 2, 2002, 67 F.R. 44751.
Ex. Ord. No. 14064, Feb. 11, 2022, 87 F.R. 8391.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 14064 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 15, 2025, 90 F.R. 6711.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 7, 2024, 89 F.R. 8991.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 3, 2023, 88 F.R. 7837.
Angola (UNITA)
Ex. Ord. No. 12865, Sept. 26, 1993, 58 F.R. 51005, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13298, May 6, 2003, 68 F.R. 24857.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12865 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 23, 2002, 67 F.R. 60105.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 24, 2001, 66 F.R. 49084.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 22, 2000, 65 F.R. 57721.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 21, 1999, 64 F.R. 51419.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 23, 1998, 63 F.R. 51509.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 24, 1997, 62 F.R. 50477.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 16, 1996, 61 F.R. 49047.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 18, 1995, 60 F.R. 48621.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 17, 1994, 59 F.R. 42749.
Ex. Ord. No. 13069, Dec. 12, 1997, 62 F.R. 65989, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13298, May 6, 2003, 68 F.R. 24857.
Ex. Ord. No. 13098, Aug. 18, 1998, 63 F.R. 44771, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13298, May 6, 2003, 68 F.R. 24857.
Ex. Ord. No. 13298, May 6, 2003, 68 F.R. 24857.
Belarus
Ex. Ord. No. 13405, June 16, 2006, 71 F.R. 35485.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13405 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 9, 2025, 90 F.R. 24953.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2024, 89 F.R. 51197.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 12, 2023, 88 F.R. 39109.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2022, 87 F.R. 36047.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 8, 2021, 86 F.R. 31085.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 11, 2020, 85 F.R. 36137.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2019, 84 F.R. 27905.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 8, 2018, 83 F.R. 27287.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 27605.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 10, 2016, 81 F.R. 38879.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 10, 2015, 80 F.R. 34021.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 10, 2014, 79 F.R. 33847.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2013, 78 F.R. 36081.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 14, 2012, 77 F.R. 36113.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 14, 2011, 76 F.R. 35093.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 8, 2010, 75 F.R. 32841.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 12, 2009, 74 F.R. 28437.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 6, 2008, 73 F.R. 32981.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 14, 2007, 72 F.R. 33381.
Ex. Ord. No. 14038, Aug. 9, 2021, 86 F.R. 43905.
Brazil
Ex. Ord. No. 14323, July 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 37739.
Burma
Ex. Ord. No. 13047, May 20, 1997, 62 F.R. 28301, sections 1 to 7 of which were revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13310, § 12, July 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 44855, to the extent inconsistent with Ex. Ord. No. 13310; revoked in full by Ex. Ord. No. 13742, Oct. 7, 2016, 81 F.R. 70593.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13047 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 17, 2016, 81 F.R. 31487.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 15, 2015, 80 F.R. 28805.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 15, 2014, 79 F.R. 28807.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 2, 2013, 78 F.R. 26231.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 17, 2012, 77 F.R. 29851.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 16, 2011, 76 F.R. 28883.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 13, 2010, 75 F.R. 27629.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 14, 2009, 74 F.R. 23287.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 16, 2008, 73 F.R. 29035.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 17, 2007, 72 F.R. 28447.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 2006, 71 F.R. 29239.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 17, 2005, 70 F.R. 28771.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 17, 2004, 69 F.R. 29041.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 16, 2003, 68 F.R. 27425.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 16, 2002, 67 F.R. 35423.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 15, 2001, 66 F.R. 27443.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 2000, 65 F.R. 32005.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 1999, 64 F.R. 27443.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 1998, 63 F.R. 27661.
Ex. Ord. No. 13310, July 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 44853, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13651, § 2, Aug. 6, 2013, 78 F.R. 48793, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13742, Oct. 7, 2016, 81 F.R. 70593.
Ex. Ord. No. 13448, Oct. 18, 2007, 72 F.R. 60223, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13619, § 2(b), July 11, 2012, 77 F.R. 41244, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13742, Oct. 7, 2016, 81 F.R. 70593.
Ex. Ord. No. 13464, Apr. 30, 2008, 73 F.R. 24491, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13619, § 2(a), July 11, 2012, 77 F.R. 41244, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13742, Oct. 7, 2016, 81 F.R. 70593.
Ex. Ord. No. 13619, July 11, 2012, 77 F.R. 41243, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13742, Oct. 7, 2016, 81 F.R. 70593.
Ex. Ord. No. 13651, Aug. 6, 2013, 78 F.R. 48793, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13742, Oct. 7, 2016, 81 F.R. 70593.
Ex. Ord. No. 13742, Oct. 7, 2016, 81 F.R. 70593.
Ex. Ord. No. 14014, Feb. 10, 2021, 86 F.R. 9429.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 14014 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 4, 2025, 90 F.R. 9111.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 7, 2024, 89 F.R. 8989.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 6, 2023, 88 F.R. 8205.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 7, 2022, 87 F.R. 7677.
Burundi
Ex. Ord. No. 13712, Nov. 22, 2015, 80 F.R. 73633, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14054, Nov. 18, 2021, 86 F.R. 66149.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13712 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2020, 85 F.R. 72893.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 19, 2019, 84 F.R. 64191.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 16, 2018, 83 F.R. 58461.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 6, 2017, 82 F.R. 51967.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2016, 81 F.R. 79989.
Ex. Ord. No. 14054, Nov. 18, 2021, 86 F.R. 66149.
Canada
Ex. Ord. No. 14193, Feb. 1, 2025, 90 F.R. 9113, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14197, § 3, Feb. 3, 2025, 90 F.R. 9183; Ex. Ord. No. 14226, § 1, Mar. 2, 2025, 90 F.R. 11369; Ex. Ord. No. 14231, Mar. 6, 2025, 90 F.R. 11785.
Ex. Ord. No. 14197, Feb. 3, 2025, 90 F.R. 9183.
Ex. Ord. No. 14289, Apr. 29, 2025, 90 F.R. 18907, as amended by Proc. No. 10947, par. 5, June 3, 2025, 90 F.R. 24199.
Ex. Ord. No. 14325, July 31, 2025, 90 F.R. 37957.
Central African Republic
Ex. Ord. No. 13667, May 12, 2014, 79 F.R. 28387.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13667 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2025, 90 F.R. 19621.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2024, 89 F.R. 40357.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 10, 2023, 88 F.R. 30637.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2022, 87 F.R. 29019.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 6, 2021, 86 F.R. 25795.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2020, 85 F.R. 27641.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2019, 84 F.R. 20539.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 10, 2018, 83 F.R. 22175.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2017, 82 F.R. 21911.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2016, 81 F.R. 29469.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2015, 80 F.R. 27067.
Colombia
Ex. Ord. No. 12978, Oct. 21, 1995, 60 F.R. 54579, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13286, § 22, Feb. 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 10624.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12978 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2025, 90 F.R. 48391.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 11, 2024, 89 F.R. 83417.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 17, 2023, 88 F.R. 72345.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 12, 2022, 87 F.R. 62279.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 12, 2021, 86 F.R. 57319.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 2020, 85 F.R. 66871.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 15, 2019, 84 F.R. 55857.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 17, 2018, 83 F.R. 52941.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2017, 82 F.R. 48607.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 72679.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 2015, 80 F.R. 63665.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2014, 79 F.R. 62795.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2013, 78 F.R. 62341.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 17, 2012, 77 F.R. 64221.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 2011, 76 F.R. 65355.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 14, 2010, 75 F.R. 64109.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2009, 74 F.R. 53879.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2008, 73 F.R. 62433.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 18, 2007, 72 F.R. 59473.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 2006, 71 F.R. 62053.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 2005, 70 F.R. 61209.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 2004, 69 F.R. 61733.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2003, 68 F.R. 60023.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2002, 67 F.R. 64307.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2001, 66 F.R. 53073.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 2000, 65 F.R. 63193.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 1999, 64 F.R. 56667.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 19, 1998, 63 F.R. 56079.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 17, 1997, 62 F.R. 54561.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 1996, 61 F.R. 54531.
Communist Chinese Military Companies
Ex. Ord. No. 13959, Nov. 12, 2020, 85 F.R. 73185, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13974, §§ 1–3, Jan. 13, 2021, 86 F.R. 4875, 4876, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14032, § 4, June 3, 2021, 86 F.R. 30147; Ex. Ord. No. 14032, §§ 1–3, June 3, 2021, 86 F.R. 30145, 30146.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13959 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 7, 2024, 89 F.R. 88869.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 3, 2023, 88 F.R. 76987.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 2022, 87 F.R. 68017.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2021, 86 F.R. 62711.
Côte d’Ivoire
Ex. Ord. No. 13396, Feb. 7, 2006, 71 F.R. 7389, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13739, Sept. 14, 2016, 81 F.R. 63673.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13396 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 3, 2016, 81 F.R. 6157.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 4, 2015, 80 F.R. 6647.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 4, 2014, 79 F.R. 7047.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 4, 2013, 78 F.R. 8955.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 3, 2012, 77 F.R. 5985.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 26, 2011, 76 F.R. 5053.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 2, 2010, 75 F.R. 5675.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 4, 2009, 74 F.R. 6349.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 5, 2008, 73 F.R. 7185.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 5, 2007, 72 F.R. 5593.
Ex. Ord. No. 13739, Sept. 14, 2016, 81 F.R. 63673.
Countries and Persons Committing or Supporting Terrorism
Ex. Ord. No. 12947, Jan. 23, 1995, 60 F.R. 5079, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13099, §§ 1, 2, Aug. 20, 1998, 63 F.R. 45167; Ex. Ord. No. 13372, § 2, Feb. 16, 2005, 70 F.R. 8499, revoked by Ex. Ord. 13886, Sept. 9, 2019, 84 F.R. 48041.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12947 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 16, 2019, 84 F.R. 127.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 17, 2018, 83 F.R. 2731.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 6165.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 20, 2016, 81 F.R. 3937.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 21, 2015, 80 F.R. 3461.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 21, 2014, 79 F.R. 3721.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 17, 2013, 78 F.R. 4303.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 19, 2012, 77 F.R. 3067.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 13, 2011, 76 F.R. 3009.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 20, 2010, 75 F.R. 3845.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 15, 2009, 74 F.R. 3961.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 18, 2008, 73 F.R. 3859.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 18, 2007, 72 F.R. 2595.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 18, 2006, 71 F.R. 3407.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 17, 2005, 70 F.R. 3277.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 16, 2004, 69 F.R. 2991.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 20, 2003, 68 F.R. 3161.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 18, 2002, 67 F.R. 3033.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 19, 2001, 66 F.R. 7371.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 19, 2000, 65 F.R. 3581.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 20, 1999, 64 F.R. 3393.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 21, 1998, 63 F.R. 3445.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 21, 1997, 62 F.R. 3439.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 18, 1996, 61 F.R. 1695.
Ex. Ord. No. 13224, Sept. 23, 2001, 66 F.R. 49079, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13268, § 1, July 2, 2002, 67 F.R. 44751; Ex. Ord. No. 13284, § 4, Jan. 23, 2003, 68 F.R. 4075; Ex. Ord. No. 13372, § 1, Feb. 16, 2005, 70 F.R. 8499; Ex. Ord. No. 13886, §§ 1, 2, Sept. 9, 2019, 84 F.R. 48041, 48042.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13224 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 8, 2025, 90 F.R. 43903.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 18, 2024, 89 F.R. 77011.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 7, 2023, 88 F.R. 62439.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 19, 2022, 87 F.R. 57569.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 15, 2021, 86 F.R. 52069.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 18, 2020, 85 F.R. 59641.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 19, 2019, 84 F.R. 49633.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 19, 2018, 83 F.R. 47799.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 18, 2017, 82 F.R. 43825.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 15, 2016, 81 F.R. 64343.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 18, 2015, 80 F.R. 57281.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 17, 2014, 79 F.R. 56475.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 18, 2013, 78 F.R. 58151.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 11, 2012, 77 F.R. 56519.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 21, 2011, 76 F.R. 59001.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 16, 2010, 75 F.R. 57159.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 21, 2009, 74 F.R. 48359.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 18, 2008, 73 F.R. 54489.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 20, 2007, 72 F.R. 54205.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 21, 2006, 71 F.R. 55725.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 21, 2005, 70 F.R. 55703.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 21, 2004, 69 F.R. 56923.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 18, 2003, 68 F.R. 55189.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 19, 2002, 67 F.R. 59447.
Ex. Ord. No. 13372, Feb. 16, 2005, 70 F.R. 8499.
Ex. Ord. No. 14157, Jan. 20, 2025, 90 F.R. 8439.
Countries and Persons Interfering in United States Elections
Ex. Ord. No. 13848, Sept. 12, 2018, 83 F.R. 46843.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13848 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 29, 2025, 90 F.R. 42697.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 9, 2024, 89 F.R. 74103.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 7, 2023, 88 F.R. 62437.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 7, 2022, 87 F.R. 55681.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 7, 2021, 86 F.R. 50601.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 10, 2020, 85 F.R. 56469.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 10, 2019, 84 F.R. 48039.
Countries and Persons Proliferating Weapons of Mass Destruction
Ex. Ord. No. 12735, Nov. 16, 1990, 55 F.R. 48587, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12938, § 10, Nov. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 59099.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12735 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 1993, 58 F.R. 60361.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 11, 1992, 57 F.R. 53979.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 14, 1991, 56 F.R. 58171.
Ex. Ord. No. 12868, Sept. 30, 1993, 58 F.R. 51749, revoked, with savings provision, by Ex. Ord. No. 12930, § 3, Sept. 29, 1994, 59 F.R. 50475.
Ex. Ord. No. 12930, Sept. 29, 1994, 59 F.R. 50475, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12938, § 10, Nov. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 59099.
Ex. Ord. No. 12938, Nov. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 59099, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13094, § 1, July 28, 1998, 63 F.R. 40803; Ex. Ord. No. 13128, June 25, 1999, 64 F.R. 34704; Ex. Ord. No. 13382, § 4, June 28, 2005, 70 F.R. 38568.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12938 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 7, 2024, 89 F.R. 88867.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2023, 88 F.R. 75475.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 2022, 87 F.R. 68015.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 2021, 86 F.R. 62891.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2020, 85 F.R. 72897.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2019, 84 F.R. 61817.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 2018, 83 F.R. 56253.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 6, 2017, 82 F.R. 51971.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 2016, 81 F.R. 79379.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2015, 80 F.R. 70667.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 7, 2014, 79 F.R. 67035.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 7, 2013, 78 F.R. 67289.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2012, 77 F.R. 66513.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2011, 76 F.R. 70319.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 6, 2009, 74 F.R. 58187.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 2008, 73 F.R. 67097.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 2007, 72 F.R. 63963.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 27, 2006, 71 F.R. 64109.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 25, 2005, 70 F.R. 62027.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 4, 2004, 69 F.R. 64637.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 29, 2003, 68 F.R. 62209.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 6, 2002, 67 F.R. 68493.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2001, 66 F.R. 56965.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 68063.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 1999, 64 F.R. 61767.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 1998, 63 F.R. 63589.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 1997, 62 F.R. 60993.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 1996, 61 F.R. 58309.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 1995, 60 F.R. 57137.
Ex. Ord. No. 13382, June 28, 2005, 70 F.R. 38567.
Countries and Persons Threatening United States Export Regulation Upon Expiration of the Export Administration Act of 1979
Ex. Ord. No. 12444, Oct. 14, 1983, 48 F.R. 48215, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12451, Dec. 20, 1983, 48 F.R. 56563.
Ex. Ord. No. 12451, Dec. 20, 1983, 48 F.R. 56563.
Ex. Ord. No. 12470, Mar. 30, 1984, 49 F.R. 13099, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12525, July 12, 1985, 50 F.R. 28757.
Continuation of emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12470 was contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 28, 1985, 50 F.R. 12513.
Ex. Ord. No. 12525, July 12, 1985, 50 F.R. 28757.
Ex. Ord. No. 12730, Sept. 30, 1990, 55 F.R. 40373, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12867, § 1, Sept. 30, 1993, 58 F.R. 51747.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12730 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 25, 1992, 57 F.R. 44649.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 26, 1991, 56 F.R. 49385.
Ex. Ord. No. 12867, Sept. 30, 1993, 58 F.R. 51747.
Ex. Ord. No. 12923, June 30, 1994, 59 F.R. 34551, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12924, § 4, Aug. 19, 1994, 59 F.R. 43438.
Ex. Ord. No. 12924, Aug. 19, 1994, 59 F.R. 43437, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13206, § 1, Apr. 4, 2001, 66 F.R. 18397.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12924 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 3, 2000, 65 F.R. 48347.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 10, 1999, 64 F.R. 44101.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 13, 1998, 63 F.R. 44121.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 13, 1997, 62 F.R. 43629.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 14, 1996, 61 F.R. 42527.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 15, 1995, 60 F.R. 42767.
Ex. Ord. No. 13206, Apr. 4, 2001, 66 F.R. 18397.
Ex. Ord. No. 13222, Aug. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 44025, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13637, § 5, Mar. 8, 2013, 78 F.R. 16131.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13222 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 4, 2025, 90 F.R. 37999.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 13, 2024, 89 F.R. 66187.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 14, 2023, 88 F.R. 55549.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 4, 2022, 87 F.R. 48077.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 6, 2021, 86 F.R. 43901.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 13, 2020, 85 F.R. 49939.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 14, 2019, 84 F.R. 41881.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 8, 2018, 83 F.R. 39871.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 15, 2017, 82 F.R. 39005.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 4, 2016, 81 F.R. 52587.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 7, 2015, 80 F.R. 48233.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 7, 2014, 79 F.R. 46959.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 8, 2013, 78 F.R. 49107.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 15, 2012, 77 F.R. 49699.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 12, 2011, 76 F.R. 50661.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 12, 2010, 75 F.R. 50681.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 13, 2009, 74 F.R. 41325.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 23, 2008, 73 F.R. 43603.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 15, 2007, 72 F.R. 46137.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 3, 2006, 71 F.R. 44551.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 2, 2005, 70 F.R. 45273.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 6, 2004, 69 F.R. 48763.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 7, 2003, 68 F.R. 47833.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 14, 2002, 67 F.R. 53721.
Countries Importing Russian Oil
Ex. Ord. No. 14329, Aug. 6, 2025, 90 F.R. 38701.
Countries Importing Venezuelan Oil
Ex. Ord. No. 14245, Mar. 24, 2025, 90 F.R. 13829.
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ex. Ord. No. 13413, Oct. 27, 2006, 71 F.R. 64105, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13671, §§ 1–3, July 8, 2014, 79 F.R. 39949, 39950.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13413 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2025, 90 F.R. 48395.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 11, 2024, 89 F.R. 83419.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 24, 2023, 88 F.R. 73753.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 13, 2022, 87 F.R. 62975.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 25, 2021, 86 F.R. 59277.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 23, 2020, 85 F.R. 67963.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 22, 2019, 84 F.R. 56927.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 25, 2018, 83 F.R. 54227.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 23, 2017, 82 F.R. 49275.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 21, 2016, 81 F.R. 74277.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 21, 2015, 80 F.R. 65119.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 21, 2014, 79 F.R. 63495.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 23, 2013, 78 F.R. 64151.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 24, 2012, 77 F.R. 65251.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 25, 2011, 76 F.R. 66599.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 22, 2010, 75 F.R. 65935.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 20, 2009, 74 F.R. 54741.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 22, 2008, 73 F.R. 63619.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 24, 2007, 72 F.R. 61045.
Ex. Ord. No. 13671, July 8, 2014, 79 F.R. 39949.
Ethiopia
Ex. Ord. No. 14046, Sept. 17, 2021, 86 F.R. 52389.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 14046 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 8, 2025, 90 F.R. 43901.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 6, 2024, 89 F.R. 73251.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 7, 2023, 88 F.R. 62435.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 9, 2022, 87 F.R. 55899.
Haiti
Ex. Ord. No. 12775, Oct. 4, 1991, 56 F.R. 50641, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12775 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 30, 1994, 59 F.R. 50479.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 30, 1993, 58 F.R. 51563.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 30, 1992, 57 F.R. 45557.
Ex. Ord. No. 12779, Oct. 28, 1991, 56 F.R. 55975, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Ex. Ord. No. 12853, June 30, 1993, 58 F.R. 35843, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Ex. Ord. No. 12872, Oct. 18, 1993, 58 F.R. 54029, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Ex. Ord. No. 12914, May 7, 1994, 59 F.R. 24339, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Ex. Ord. No. 12917, May 21, 1994, 59 F.R. 26925, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Ex. Ord. No. 12920, June 10, 1994, 59 F.R. 30501, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Ex. Ord. No. 12922, June 21, 1994, 59 F.R. 32645, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Ex. Ord. No. 12932, Oct. 14, 1994, 59 F.R. 52403.
Information and Communications Technology and Services
Ex. Ord. No. 13873, May 15, 2019, 84 F.R. 22689.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13873 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2025, 90 F.R. 20557.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2024, 89 F.R. 40353.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 10, 2023, 88 F.R. 30635.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 12, 2022, 87 F.R. 29645.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 11, 2021, 86 F.R. 26339.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 13, 2020, 85 F.R. 29321.
Ex. Ord. No. 13942, Aug. 6, 2020, 85 F.R. 48637, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14034, § 1, June 9, 2021, 86 F.R. 31424.
Ex. Ord. No. 13943, Aug. 6, 2020, 85 F.R. 48641, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14034, § 1, June 9, 2021, 86 F.R. 31424.
Ex. Ord. No. 13971, Jan. 5, 2021, 86 F.R. 1249, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14034, § 1, June 9, 2021, 86 F.R. 31424.
Ex. Ord. No. 14034, June 9, 2021, 86 F.R. 31423.
Ex. Ord. No. 14117, Feb. 28, 2024, 89 F.R. 15421.
International Criminal Court
Ex. Ord. No. 13928, June 11, 2020, 85 F.R. 36139, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14022, Apr. 1, 2021, 86 F.R. 17895.
Ex. Ord. No. 14203, Feb. 6, 2025, 90 F.R. 9369.
Iran
Ex. Ord. No. 12170, Nov. 14, 1979, 44 F.R. 65729.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12170 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2024, 89 F.R. 87761.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 7, 2023, 88 F.R. 77489.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 2022, 87 F.R. 68013.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2021, 86 F.R. 62709.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2020, 85 F.R. 72895.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2019, 84 F.R. 61815.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 2018, 83 F.R. 56251.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 6, 2017, 82 F.R. 51969.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 3, 2016, 81 F.R. 78495.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 2015, 80 F.R. 70663.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2014, 79 F.R. 68091.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2013, 78 F.R. 68323.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2012, 77 F.R. 67741.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 7, 2011, 76 F.R. 70035.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 2010, 75 F.R. 69569.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2009, 74 F.R. 58841.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 2008, 73 F.R. 67357.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 2007, 72 F.R. 63965.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2006, 71 F.R. 66227.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2005, 70 F.R. 69039.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2004, 69 F.R. 65513.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2003, 68 F.R. 64489.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 2002, 67 F.R. 68929.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2001, 66 F.R. 56966.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 68061.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 5, 1999, 64 F.R. 61471.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 1998, 63 F.R. 63125.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 30, 1997, 62 F.R. 51591.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 29, 1996, 61 F.R. 56107.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 1995, 60 F.R. 55651.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 1994, 59 F.R. 54785.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 1993, 58 F.R. 58639.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 25, 1992, 57 F.R. 48719.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 1991, 56 F.R. 57791.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 1990, 55 F.R. 47453.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 30, 1989, 54 F.R. 46043.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 1988, 53 F.R. 45750.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 1987, 52 F.R. 43549.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 1986, 51 F.R. 41067.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 1985, 50 F.R. 45901.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 7, 1984, 49 F.R. 44741.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 1982, 47 F.R. 50841.
Ex. Ord. No. 12205, Apr. 7, 1980, 45 F.R. 24099, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12211, Apr. 17, 1980, 45 F.R. 26685, of which provisions related to prohibitions contained therein were revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12282, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7925.
Ex. Ord. No. 12211, Apr. 17, 1980, 45 F.R. 26685, of which provisions related to prohibitions contained therein were revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12282, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7925.
Ex. Ord. No. 12276, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7913.
Ex. Ord. No. 12277, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7915.
Ex. Ord. No. 12278, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7917.
Ex. Ord. No. 12279, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7919.
Ex. Ord. No. 12280, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7921.
Ex. Ord. No. 12281, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7923.
Ex. Ord. No. 12282, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7925.
Ex. Ord. No. 12283, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7927.
Ex. Ord. No. 12284, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7929.
Ex. Ord. No. 12285, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7931, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12307, June 4, 1981, 46 F.R. 30483; Ex. Ord. No. 12317, Aug. 14, 1981, 46 F.R. 42241, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12379, § 21, Aug. 17, 1982, 47 F.R. 36100, listed in a table under section 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
Ex. Ord. No. 12294, Feb. 24, 1981, 46 F.R. 14111.
Ex. Ord. No. 12613, Oct. 29, 1987, 52 F.R. 41940, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13059, § 7, Aug. 19, 1997, 62 F.R. 44533.
Ex. Ord. No. 12957, Mar. 15, 1995, 60 F.R. 14615, sections 1 and 2 of which were revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12959, § 5, May 6, 1995, 60 F.R. 24758, to the extent inconsistent with Ex. Ord. No. 12959.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12957 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 7, 2025, 90 F.R. 11887.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 12, 2024, 89 F.R. 18527.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 10, 2023, 88 F.R. 15595.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 3, 2022, 87 F.R. 12555.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 5, 2021, 86 F.R. 13621.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 12, 2020, 85 F.R. 14731.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 12, 2019, 84 F.R. 9219.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 12, 2018, 83 F.R. 11393.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 6187.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 9, 2016, 81 F.R. 12793.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 11, 2015, 80 F.R. 13471.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 12, 2014, 79 F.R. 14607.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 12, 2013, 78 F.R. 16397.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 13, 2012, 77 F.R. 15229.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 8, 2011, 76 F.R. 13283.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 10, 2010, 75 F.R. 12117.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 11, 2009, 74 F.R. 10999.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 11, 2008, 73 F.R. 13727.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 8, 2007, 72 F.R. 10883.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 13, 2006, 71 F.R. 13241.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 10, 2005, 70 F.R. 12581.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 10, 2004, 69 F.R. 12051.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 12, 2003, 68 F.R. 12563.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 13, 2002, 67 F.R. 11553.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 13, 2001, 66 F.R. 15013.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 13, 2000, 65 F.R. 13863.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 10, 1999, 64 F.R. 12239.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 4, 1998, 63 F.R. 11099.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 5, 1997, 62 F.R. 10409.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 8, 1996, 61 F.R. 9897.
Ex. Ord. No. 12959, May 6, 1995, 60 F.R. 24757, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13059, § 7, Aug. 19, 1997, 62 F.R. 44533.
Ex. Ord. No. 13059, Aug. 19, 1997, 62 F.R. 44531.
Ex. Ord. No. 13553, Sept. 28, 2010, 75 F.R. 60567.
Ex. Ord. No. 13574, May 23, 2011, 76 F.R. 30505, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13716, § 1(a), Jan. 16, 2016, 81 F.R. 3693.
Ex. Ord. No. 13590, Nov. 20, 2011, 76 F.R. 72609, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13716, § 1(b), Jan. 16, 2016, 81 F.R. 3694.
Ex. Ord. No. 13599, Feb. 5, 2012, 77 F.R. 6659.
Ex. Ord. No. 13606, Apr. 22, 2012, 77 F.R. 24571.
Ex. Ord. No. 13608, May 1, 2012, 77 F.R. 26409.
Ex. Ord. No. 13622, July 30, 2012, 77 F.R. 45897, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13628, § 15, Oct. 9, 2012, 77 F.R. 62144; Ex. Ord. No. 13645, § 16, June 3, 2013, 78 F.R. 33952; revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13716, § 1(c), Jan. 16, 2016, 81 F.R. 3694.
Ex. Ord. No. 13628, Oct. 9, 2012, 77 F.R. 62139, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13716, § 2, Jan. 16, 2016, 81 F.R. 3694, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13846, § 9(a), Aug. 6, 2018, 83 F.R. 38945.
Ex. Ord. No. 13645, June 3, 2013, 78 F.R. 33945, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13716, § 1(d), Jan. 16, 2016, 81 F.R. 3694.
Ex. Ord. No. 13846, Aug. 6, 2018, 83 F.R. 38939.
Ex. Ord. No. 13871, May 8, 2019, 84 F.R. 20761.
Ex. Ord. No. 13876, June 24, 2019, 84 F.R. 30573.
Ex. Ord. No. 13902, Jan. 10, 2020, 85 F.R. 2003.
Ex. Ord. No. 13949, Sept. 21, 2020, 85 F.R. 60043.
Iraq
Ex. Ord. No. 12722, Aug. 2, 1990, 55 F.R. 31803, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12724, § 6, Aug. 9, 1990, 55 F.R. 33090, to the extent inconsistent with Ex. Ord. No. 12724, and by Ex. Ord. No. 13350, July 29, 2004, 69 F.R. 46055.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12722 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 31, 2003, 68 F.R. 45739.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 30, 2002, 67 F.R. 50341.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 31, 2001, 66 F.R. 40105.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 28, 2000, 65 F.R. 47241.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 1999, 64 F.R. 39897.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 28, 1998, 63 F.R. 41175.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 31, 1997, 62 F.R. 41803.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 22, 1996, 61 F.R. 38561.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 28, 1995, 60 F.R. 39099.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 19, 1994, 59 F.R. 37151.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 1993, 58 F.R. 39111.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 21, 1992, 57 F.R. 32875.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 26, 1991, 56 F.R. 35995.
Ex. Ord. No. 12724, Aug. 9, 1990, 55 F.R. 33089, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13350, July 29, 2004, 69 F.R. 46055.
Ex. Ord. No. 12817, Oct. 21, 1992, 57 F.R. 48433, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13350, July 29, 2004, 69 F.R. 46055.
Ex. Ord. No. 13303, May 22, 2003, 68 F.R. 31931, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13364, § 1, Nov. 29, 2004, 69 F.R. 70177.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13303 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2025, 90 F.R. 20559.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 20, 2024, 89 F.R. 44899.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 16, 2023, 88 F.R. 31601.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2022, 87 F.R. 29021.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 6, 2021, 86 F.R. 25797.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 20, 2020, 85 F.R. 31033.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 20, 2019, 84 F.R. 23437.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 2018, 83 F.R. 23573.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 16, 2017, 82 F.R. 22877.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 32219.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 19, 2015, 80 F.R. 29527.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 19, 2014, 79 F.R. 29069.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 17, 2013, 78 F.R. 30195.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 2012, 77 F.R. 30183.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 17, 2011, 76 F.R. 29141.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 12, 2010, 75 F.R. 27399.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 19, 2009, 74 F.R. 23935.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 20, 2008, 73 F.R. 29683.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 2007, 72 F.R. 28581.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 18, 2006, 71 F.R. 29237.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 19, 2005, 70 F.R. 29435.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 20, 2004, 69 F.R. 29409.
Ex. Ord. No. 13315, Aug. 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 52315, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13350, July 29, 2004, 69 F.R. 46055.
Ex. Ord. No. 13350, July 29, 2004, 69 F.R. 46055.
Ex. Ord. No. 13364, Nov. 29, 2004, 69 F.R. 70177.
Ex. Ord. No. 13438, July 17, 2007, 72 F.R. 39719.
Ex. Ord. No. 13668, May 27, 2014, 79 F.R. 31019.
Kuwait
Ex. Ord. No. 12723, Aug. 2, 1990, 55 F.R. 31805, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12771, July 25, 1991, 56 F.R. 35993.
Ex. Ord. No. 12725, Aug. 9, 1990, 55 F.R. 33091, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12771, July 25, 1991, 56 F.R. 35993.
Ex. Ord. No. 12771, July 25, 1991, 56 F.R. 35993.
Lebanon
Ex. Ord. No. 13441, Aug. 1, 2007, 72 F.R. 43499.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13441 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 25, 2025, 90 F.R. 35825.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 29, 2024, 89 F.R. 62651.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 21, 2023, 88 F.R. 48025.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 28, 2022, 87 F.R. 46881.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 2021, 86 F.R. 38901.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 29, 2020, 85 F.R. 45965.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 30, 2019, 84 F.R. 37561.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 27, 2018, 83 F.R. 37415.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 28, 2017, 82 F.R. 35621.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 27, 2016, 81 F.R. 50281.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 29, 2015, 80 F.R. 45839.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 29, 2014, 79 F.R. 44259.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 29, 2013, 78 F.R. 46489.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 24, 2012, 77 F.R. 43707.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 28, 2011, 76 F.R. 45653.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 29, 2010, 75 F.R. 45045.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 30, 2009, 74 F.R. 38321.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 30, 2008, 73 F.R. 44895.
Liberia
Ex. Ord. No. 13213, May 22, 2001, 66 F.R. 28829, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13312, § 3(d), July 29, 2003, 68 F.R. 45152, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13324, Jan. 15, 2004, 69 F.R. 2823.
Ex. Ord. No. 13324, Jan. 15, 2004, 69 F.R. 2823.
Ex. Ord. No. 13348, July 22, 2004, 69 F.R. 44885, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13710, Nov. 12, 2015, 80 F.R. 71679.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13348 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 17, 2015, 80 F.R. 43297.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 15, 2014, 79 F.R. 41875.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 17, 2013, 78 F.R. 43751.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 17, 2012, 77 F.R. 42415, 45469.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 2011, 76 F.R. 43801.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 19, 2010, 75 F.R. 42281.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 16, 2009, 74 F.R. 35763.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 16, 2008, 73 F.R. 42255.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 19, 2007, 72 F.R. 40059.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 18, 2006, 71 F.R. 41093.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 19, 2005, 70 F.R. 41935.
Ex. Ord. No. 13710, Nov. 12, 2015, 80 F.R. 71679.
Libya
Ex. Ord. No. 12543, Jan. 7, 1986, 51 F.R. 875, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13357, Sept. 20, 2004, 69 F.R. 56665.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12543 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 5, 2004, 69 F.R. 847.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 2, 2003, 68 F.R. 661.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 3, 2002, 67 F.R. 637.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 4, 2001, 66 F.R. 1251.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 29, 1999, 65 F.R. 1999.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 30, 1998, 64 F.R. 383.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 2, 1998, 63 F.R. 653.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 2, 1997, 62 F.R. 587.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 3, 1996, 61 F.R. 383.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 22, 1994, 59 F.R. 67119.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 2, 1993, 58 F.R. 64361.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 14, 1992, 57 F.R. 59895.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 26, 1991, 56 F.R. 67465.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 2, 1991, 56 F.R. 477.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 4, 1990, 55 F.R. 589.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 28, 1988, 53 F.R. 52971.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 15, 1987, 52 F.R. 47891.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 23, 1986, 51 F.R. 46849.
Ex. Ord. No. 12544, Jan. 8, 1986, 51 F.R. 1235, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13357, Sept. 20, 2004, 69 F.R. 56665.
Ex. Ord. No. 12801, Apr. 15, 1992, 57 F.R. 14319, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13357, Sept. 20, 2004, 69 F.R. 56665.
Ex. Ord. No. 13357, Sept. 20, 2004, 69 F.R. 56665.
Ex. Ord. No. 13566, Feb. 25, 2011, 76 F.R. 11315.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13566 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 20, 2025, 90 F.R. 10573.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 21, 2024, 89 F.R. 13969.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 17, 2023, 88 F.R. 10823.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 22, 2022, 87 F.R. 10681.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 11, 2021, 86 F.R. 9835.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 20, 2020, 85 F.R. 10553.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 19, 2019, 84 F.R. 5581.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 9, 2018, 83 F.R. 6105.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 6189.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 22, 2016, 81 F.R. 9329.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 23, 2015, 80 F.R. 9983.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 20, 2014, 79 F.R. 10329.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 13, 2013, 78 F.R. 11549.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 23, 2012, 77 F.R. 11381.
Ex. Ord. No. 13726, Apr. 19, 2016, 81 F.R. 23559.
Mali
Ex. Ord. No. 13882, July 26, 2019, 84 F.R. 37055.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13882 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 21, 2025, 90 F.R. 34757.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 16, 2024, 89 F.R. 58615.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 21, 2023, 88 F.R. 48027.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 22, 2022, 87 F.R. 44263.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 2021, 86 F.R. 38903.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 23, 2020, 85 F.R. 45055.
National Security Technologies and Products in Countries of Concern
Ex. Ord. No. 14105, Aug. 9, 2023, 88 F.R. 54867.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 14105 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 6, 2025, 90 F.R. 38601.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Aug. 6, 2024, 89 F.R. 65163.
Mexico
Ex. Ord. No. 14194, Feb. 1, 2025, 90 F.R. 9117, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14198, § 3, Feb. 3, 2025, 90 F.R. 9185; Ex. Ord. No. 14227, § 1, Mar. 2, 2025, 90 F.R. 11371; Ex. Ord. No. 14232, Mar. 6, 2025, 90 F.R. 11787.
Ex. Ord. No. 14198, Feb. 3, 2025, 90 F.R. 9185.
Ex. Ord. No. 14289, Apr. 29, 2025, 90 F.R. 18907, as amended by Proc. No. 10947, par. 5, June 3, 2025, 90 F.R. 24199.
Nicaragua
Ex. Ord. No. 12513, May 1, 1985, 50 F.R. 18629, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12707, Mar. 13, 1990, 55 F.R. 9707.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12513 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 21, 1989, 54 F.R. 17701.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 25, 1988, 53 F.R. 15011.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 21, 1987, 52 F.R. 13425.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 22, 1986, 51 F.R. 15461.
Ex. Ord. No. 12707, Mar. 13, 1990, 55 F.R. 9707.
Ex. Ord. No. 13851, Nov. 27, 2018, 83 F.R. 61505, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14088, Oct. 24, 2022, 87 F.R. 64685.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13851 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 22, 2024, 89 F.R. 93459.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 16, 2023, 88 F.R. 80549.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 2022, 87 F.R. 68589.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 16, 2021, 86 F.R. 64793.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 24, 2020, 85 F.R. 75831.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 25, 2019, 84 F.R. 65255.
North Korea
Ex. Ord. No. 13466, June 26, 2008, 73 F.R. 36787.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13466 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 20, 2025, 90 F.R. 26915.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2024, 89 F.R. 51199.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 20, 2023, 88 F.R. 40681.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2022, 87 F.R. 36049.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 21, 2021, 86 F.R. 33075.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 17, 2020, 85 F.R. 37329.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 21, 2019, 84 F.R. 29793.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 22, 2018, 83 F.R. 29661.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 21, 2017, 82 F.R. 28743.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 21, 2016, 81 F.R. 40775.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 22, 2015, 80 F.R. 36461.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 20, 2014, 79 F.R. 35909.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 21, 2013, 78 F.R. 38193.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 18, 2012, 77 F.R. 37263.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 23, 2011, 76 F.R. 37237.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 14, 2010, 75 F.R. 34317.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 24, 2009, 74 F.R. 30457.
Ex. Ord. No. 13551, Aug. 30, 2010, 75 F.R. 53837.
Ex. Ord. No. 13570, Apr. 18, 2011, 76 F.R. 22291.
Ex. Ord. No. 13687, Jan. 2, 2015, 80 F.R. 819.
Ex. Ord. No. 13722, Mar. 15, 2016, 81 F.R. 14943.
Ex. Ord. No. 13810, Sept. 20, 2017, 82 F.R. 44705.
Panama
Ex. Ord. No. 12635, Apr. 8, 1988, 53 F.R. 12134, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12710, Apr. 5, 1990, 55 F.R. 13099.
Continuation of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12635 was contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 6, 1989, 54 F.R. 14197.
Ex. Ord. No. 12710, Apr. 5, 1990, 55 F.R. 13099.
People’s Republic of China
Ex. Ord. No. 14195, Feb. 1, 2025, 90 F.R. 9121, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14200, Feb. 5, 2025, 90 F.R. 9277; Ex. Ord. No. 14228, § 2, Mar. 3, 2025, 90 F.R. 11463.
Ex. Ord. No. 14256, Apr. 2, 2025, 90 F.R. 14899, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14324, § 4(b), July 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 37778.
Ex. Ord. No. 14259, Apr. 8, 2025, 90 F.R. 15509.
Ex. Ord. No. 14298, May 12, 2025, 90 F.R. 21831.
Ex. Ord. No. 14334, Aug. 11, 2025, 90 F.R. 39305.
Persons Engaging in Significant Malicious Cyber-Enabled Activities
Ex. Ord. No. 13694, Apr. 1, 2015, 80 F.R. 18077, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13757, §§ 1–3, Dec. 28, 2016, 82 F.R. 1, 2; Ex. Ord. No. 13984, § 6, Jan. 19, 2021, 86 F.R. 6841; Ex. Ord. No. 14144, § 9, Jan. 16, 2025, 90 F.R. 6767; Ex. Ord. No. 14306, § 3, June 6, 2025, 90 F.R. 24725.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13694 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 27, 2025, 90 F.R. 14327.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 26, 2024, 89 F.R. 21427.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 30, 2022, 87 F.R. 18963.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 29, 2021, 86 F.R. 16663.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 30, 2020, 85 F.R. 18103.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 26, 2019, 84 F.R. 11877.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 27, 2018, 83 F.R. 13371.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 29, 2017, 82 F.R. 16099.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 29, 2016, 81 F.R. 18737.
Persons Involved in Serious Human Rights Abuse or Corruption
Ex. Ord. No. 13818, Dec. 20, 2017, 82 F.R. 60839.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13818 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 11, 2024, 89 F.R. 100717.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 18, 2023, 88 F.R. 87891.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 12, 2022, 87 F.R. 76547.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 16, 2021, 86 F.R. 71791.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 16, 2020, 85 F.R. 82869.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 18, 2019, 84 F.R. 69981.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 18, 2018, 83 F.R. 65277.
Persons Involved in the Global Illicit Drug Trade
Ex. Ord. No. 14059, Dec. 15, 2021, 86 F.R. 71549.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 14059 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 11, 2024, 89 F.R. 100719.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 13, 2023, 88 F.R. 86809.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Dec. 12, 2022, 87 F.R. 76549.
Russia
Ex. Ord. No. 13159, June 21, 2000, 65 F.R. 39279.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13159 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 18, 2012, 77 F.R. 37261.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 17, 2011, 76 F.R. 35955.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 17, 2010, 75 F.R. 34921.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 18, 2009, 74 F.R. 29391.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 18, 2008, 73 F.R. 35335.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 19, 2007, 72 F.R. 34159.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 19, 2006, 71 F.R. 35489.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 17, 2005, 70 F.R. 35507.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 16, 2004, 69 F.R. 34047.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 10, 2003, 68 F.R. 35149.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 18, 2002, 67 F.R. 42181.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 11, 2001, 66 F.R. 32207.
Ex. Ord. No. 13617, June 25, 2012, 77 F.R. 38459, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13695, May 26, 2015, 80 F.R. 30331.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13617 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 19, 2014, 79 F.R. 35679.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 20, 2013, 78 F.R. 37925.
Ex. Ord. No. 13695, May 26, 2015, 80 F.R. 30331.
Ex. Ord. No. 14024, Apr. 15, 2021, 86 F.R. 20249, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14114, §§ 1, 2, Dec. 22, 2023, 88 F.R. 89271, 89272.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 14024 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 10, 2025, 90 F.R. 15523.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 9, 2024, 89 F.R. 25495.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 7, 2023, 88 F.R. 21457.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 13, 2022, 87 F.R. 22431.
Ex. Ord. No. 14066, Mar. 8, 2022, 87 F.R. 13625.
Ex. Ord. No. 14068, Mar. 11, 2022, 87 F.R. 14381, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14114, § 3, Dec. 22, 2023, 88 F.R. 89272.
Ex. Ord. No. 14071, Apr. 6, 2022, 87 F.R. 20999.
Sierra Leone
Ex. Ord. No. 13194, Jan. 18, 2001, 66 F.R. 7389, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13312, § 3(a)–(c), July 29, 2003, 68 F.R. 45152, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13324, Jan. 15, 2004, 69 F.R. 2823.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13194 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 16, 2003, 68 F.R. 2677.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 15, 2002, 67 F.R. 2547.
Ex. Ord. No. 13213, May 22, 2001, 66 F.R. 28829, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13312, § 3(d), July 29, 2003, 68 F.R. 45152, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13324, Jan. 15, 2004, 69 F.R. 2823.
Ex. Ord. No. 13324, Jan. 15, 2004, 69 F.R. 2823.
Somalia
Ex. Ord. No. 13536, Apr. 12, 2010, 75 F.R. 19869, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13620, § 1, July 20, 2012, 77 F.R. 43483.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13536 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 8, 2025, 90 F.R. 15391.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 9, 2024, 89 F.R. 25493.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 7, 2023, 88 F.R. 21455.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 30, 2022, 87 F.R. 19343.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 1, 2021, 86 F.R. 17673.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 3, 2020, 85 F.R. 19373.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 10, 2019, 84 F.R. 14843.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 4, 2018, 83 F.R. 14731.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 6, 2017, 82 F.R. 17095.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 4, 2016, 81 F.R. 20217.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 8, 2015, 80 F.R. 19193.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 7, 2014, 79 F.R. 19803.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 4, 2013, 78 F.R. 21013.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 7, 2011, 76 F.R. 19897.
Ex. Ord. No. 13620, July 20, 2012, 77 F.R. 43483.
South Africa
Ex. Ord. No. 12532, Sept. 9, 1985, 50 F.R. 36861, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12769, § 4, July 10, 1991, 56 F.R. 31855.
Continuation of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12532 was contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 4, 1986, 51 F.R. 31925.
Ex. Ord. No. 12535, Oct. 1, 1985, 50 F.R. 40325, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12769, § 4, July 10, 1991, 56 F.R. 31855.
South Sudan
Ex. Ord. No. 13664, Apr. 3, 2014, 79 F.R. 19283.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13664 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 28, 2025, 90 F.R. 14329.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 26, 2024, 89 F.R. 21429.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 30, 2022, 87 F.R. 18965.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 29, 2021, 86 F.R. 16665.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 1, 2020, 85 F.R. 18855.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 1, 2019, 84 F.R. 12871.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 27, 2018, 83 F.R. 13373.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 22, 2017, 82 F.R. 15107.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 30, 2016, 81 F.R. 19019.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 31, 2015, 80 F.R. 18081.
Sudan
Ex. Ord. No. 13067, Nov. 3, 1997, 62 F.R. 59989, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13761, § 1, Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 5331.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13067 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 16, 2025, 90 F.R. 48393.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 25, 2024, 89 F.R. 85849.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 2023, 88 F.R. 75227.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2022, 87 F.R. 66225.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 28, 2021, 86 F.R. 60355.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 30, 2020, 85 F.R. 69463.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 2019, 84 F.R. 59287.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 2018, 83 F.R. 55239.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 2017, 82 F.R. 50799.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 2016, 81 F.R. 76491.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 28, 2015, 80 F.R. 67259.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 24, 2014, 79 F.R. 64295.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 30, 2013, 78 F.R. 65867.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2012, 77 F.R. 66359.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2011, 76 F.R. 68055.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2010, 75 F.R. 67587.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 27, 2009, 74 F.R. 55745.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 30, 2008, 73 F.R. 65239.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2007, 72 F.R. 62407.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2006, 71 F.R. 64629.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2005, 70 F.R. 66745.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 2004, 69 F.R. 63915.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 29, 2003, 68 F.R. 62211.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 29, 2002, 67 F.R. 66525.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 2001, 66 F.R. 55869.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 2000, 65 F.R. 66163.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 29, 1999, 64 F.R. 59105.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 27, 1998, 63 F.R. 58617.
Ex. Ord. No. 13400, Apr. 26, 2006, 71 F.R. 25483.
Ex. Ord. No. 13412, Oct. 13, 2006, 71 F.R. 61369, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13761, § 1, Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 5331.
Ex. Ord. No. 14098, May 4, 2023, 88 F.R. 29529.
Syria
Ex. Ord. No. 13338, May 11, 2004, 69 F.R. 26751, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13460, § 2, Feb. 13, 2008, 73 F.R. 8991, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14312, § 3(a), June 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 29395.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13338 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2025, 90 F.R. 19619.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2024, 89 F.R. 40355.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2023, 88 F.R. 30211.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2022, 87 F.R. 28749.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 6, 2021, 86 F.R. 25793.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2020, 85 F.R. 27639.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2019, 84 F.R. 20537.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2018, 83 F.R. 21839.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2017, 82 F.R. 21909.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 3, 2016, 81 F.R. 27293.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 6, 2015, 80 F.R. 26815.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2014, 79 F.R. 26589.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2013, 78 F.R. 27301.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2012, 77 F.R. 27559.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Apr. 29, 2011, 76 F.R. 24791.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 3, 2010, 75 F.R. 24779.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2009, 74 F.R. 21765.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2008, 73 F.R. 26939.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2007, 72 F.R. 26707.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2006, 71 F.R. 27381.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 5, 2005, 70 F.R. 24697.
Ex. Ord. No. 13399, Apr. 25, 2006, 71 F.R. 25059, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14312, § 3(a), June 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 29395.
Ex. Ord. No. 13460, Feb. 13, 2008, 73 F.R. 8991, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14312, § 3(a), June 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 29395.
Ex. Ord. No. 13572, Apr. 29, 2011, 76 F.R. 24787, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14312, § 3(a), June 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 29395.
Ex. Ord. No. 13573, May 18, 2011, 76 F.R. 29143, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14312, § 3(a), June 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 29395.
Ex. Ord. No. 13582, Aug. 17, 2011, 76 F.R. 52209, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14312, § 3(a), June 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 29395.
Ex. Ord. No. 13606, Apr. 22, 2012, 77 F.R. 24571, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14312, § 4(b), June 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 29397.
Ex. Ord. No. 13608, May 1, 2012, 77 F.R. 26409.
Ex. Ord. No. 13894, Oct. 13, 2019, 84 F.R. 55851, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14142, § 1, Jan. 15, 2025, 90 F.R. 6709; Ex. Ord. No. 14312, § 4(a), June 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 29396.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13894 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Sept. 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 47967.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 10, 2024, 89 F.R. 82929.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 12, 2023, 88 F.R. 71271.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 12, 2022, 87 F.R. 62281.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 6, 2021, 86 F.R. 56829.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 8, 2020, 85 F.R. 64941.
Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits
Proc. No. 10947, June 3, 2025, 90 F.R. 24199.
Ex. Ord. No. 14257, Apr. 2, 2025, 90 F.R. 15041.
Ex. Ord. No. 14266, Apr. 9, 2025, 90 F.R. 15625, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14316, July 7, 2025, 90 F.R. 30823.
Ex. Ord. No. 14309, June 16, 2025, 90 F.R. 26419.
Ex. Ord. No. 14324, July 30, 2025, 90 F.R. 37775.
Ex. Ord. No. 14326, July 31, 2025, 90 F.R. 37963.
Ex. Ord. No. 14345, Sept. 4, 2025, 90 F.R. 43535.
Ex. Ord. No. 14346, Sept. 5, 2025, 90 F.R. 43737.
Transnational Criminal Organizations
Ex. Ord. No. 13581, July 24, 2011, 76 F.R. 44757, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13863, Mar. 15, 2019, 84 F.R. 10255.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13581 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 21, 2025, 90 F.R. 34759.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 16, 2024, 89 F.R. 58617.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 19, 2023, 88 F.R. 46951.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 21, 2022, 87 F.R. 43983.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 7, 2021, 86 F.R. 36481.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 22, 2020, 85 F.R. 44683.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 22, 2019, 84 F.R. 35513.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 2018, 83 F.R. 34931.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 2017, 82 F.R. 34249.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 19, 2017, 82 F.R. 33773, withdrawn by Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 2017, 82 F.R. 34249.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 20, 2016, 81 F.R. 48313.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 21, 2015, 80 F.R. 43907.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 18, 2014, 79 F.R. 42645.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 19, 2013, 78 F.R. 44417.
Notice of President of the United States, dated July 18, 2012, 77 F.R. 42619.
Ukraine
Ex. Ord. No. 13660, Mar. 6, 2014, 79 F.R. 13493.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13660 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 27, 2025, 90 F.R. 11009.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 4, 2024, 89 F.R. 15947.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 1, 2023, 88 F.R. 13285.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2022, 87 F.R. 12387.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2021, 86 F.R. 12793.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 25, 2020, 85 F.R. 11827.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 4, 2019, 84 F.R. 7975.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2018, 83 F.R. 9413.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 6191.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2016, 81 F.R. 11655.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 3, 2015, 80 F.R. 12067.
Ex. Ord. No. 13661, Mar. 16, 2014, 79 F.R. 15535.
Ex. Ord. No. 13662, Mar. 20, 2014, 79 F.R. 16169.
Ex. Ord. No. 13685, Dec. 19, 2014, 79 F.R. 77357.
Ex. Ord. No. 14065, Feb. 21, 2022, 87 F.R. 10293.
Venezuela
Ex. Ord. No. 13692, Mar. 8, 2015, 80 F.R. 12747, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13857, Jan. 25, 2019, 84 F.R. 509.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13692 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 27, 2025, 90 F.R. 11011.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 5, 2024, 89 F.R. 16443.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 1, 2023, 88 F.R. 13287.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 3, 2022, 87 F.R. 12557.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2021, 86 F.R. 12795.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 5, 2020, 85 F.R. 13473.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 5, 2019, 84 F.R. 8245.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2018, 83 F.R. 9415.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 6193.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 3, 2016, 81 F.R. 11999.
Ex. Ord. No. 13808, Aug. 24, 2017, 82 F.R. 41155, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13857, Jan. 25, 2019, 84 F.R. 509.
Ex. Ord. No. 13827, Mar. 19, 2018, 83 F.R. 12469, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13857, Jan. 25, 2019, 84 F.R. 509.
Ex. Ord. No. 13835, May 21, 2018, 83 F.R. 24001, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13857, Jan. 25, 2019, 84 F.R. 509.
Ex. Ord. No. 13850, Nov. 1, 2018, 83 F.R. 55243, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13857, Jan. 25, 2019, 84 F.R. 509.
Ex. Ord. No. 13884, Aug. 5, 2019, 84 F.R. 38843.
West Bank
Ex. Ord. No. 14115, Feb. 1, 2024, 89 F.R. 7605, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14148, § 2(hhh), Jan. 20, 2025, 90 F.R. 8240.
Continuation of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 14115 was contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 14, 2025, 90 F.R. 5467.
Western Balkans
Ex. Ord. No. 12808, May 30, 1992, 57 F.R. 23299, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13304, May 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 32315.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12808 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 27, 2002, 67 F.R. 37661.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 24, 2001, 66 F.R. 29007.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 25, 2000, 65 F.R. 34379.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 27, 1999, 64 F.R. 29205.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 28, 1998, 63 F.R. 29527.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 28, 1997, 62 F.R. 29283.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 24, 1996, 61 F.R. 26773.
Determination of President, No. 96–7, Dec. 27, 1995, 61 F.R. 2887.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 10, 1995, 60 F.R. 25599.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 25, 1994, 59 F.R. 27429.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 25, 1993, 58 F.R. 30693.
Ex. Ord. No. 12810, June 5, 1992, 57 F.R. 24347, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12831, § 4, Jan. 15, 1993, 58 F.R. 5253, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13304, May 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 32315.
Ex. Ord. No. 12831, Jan. 15, 1993, 58 F.R. 5253, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13304, May 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 32315.
Ex. Ord. No. 12846, Apr. 25, 1993, 58 F.R. 25771, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13304, May 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 32315.
Ex. Ord. No. 12934, Oct. 25, 1994, 59 F.R. 54117, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13304, May 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 32315.
Ex. Ord. No. 13088, June 9, 1998, 63 F.R. 32109, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13121, Apr. 30, 1999, 64 F.R. 24021, eff. May 1, 1999; Ex. Ord. No. 13192, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7379, eff. Jan. 19, 2001, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13304, May 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 32315.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13088 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 27, 2002, 67 F.R. 37661.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 24, 2001, 66 F.R. 29007.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 25, 2000, 65 F.R. 34379.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 27, 1999, 64 F.R. 29205.
Ex. Ord. No. 13219, June 26, 2001, 66 F.R. 34777, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13304, May 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 32315.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13219 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 20, 2025, 90 F.R. 26917.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2024, 89 F.R. 51201.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 20, 2023, 88 F.R. 40683.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 13, 2022, 87 F.R. 36051.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 8, 2021, 86 F.R. 31083.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 24, 2020, 85 F.R. 38271.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 18, 2019, 84 F.R. 28715.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 22, 2018, 83 F.R. 29663.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 21, 2017, 82 F.R. 28745.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 21, 2016, 81 F.R. 40777.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 22, 2015, 80 F.R. 36463.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 23, 2014, 79 F.R. 36181.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 17, 2013, 78 F.R. 37099.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 22, 2012, 77 F.R. 37995.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 23, 2011, 76 F.R. 37239.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 8, 2010, 75 F.R. 32843.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 22, 2009, 74 F.R. 30209.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 24, 2008, 73 F.R. 36255.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 22, 2007, 72 F.R. 34981.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 22, 2006, 71 F.R. 36183.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 23, 2005, 70 F.R. 36803.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 24, 2004, 69 F.R. 36005.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 20, 2003, 68 F.R. 37389.
Notice of President of the United States, dated June 21, 2002, 67 F.R. 42703.
Ex. Ord. No. 13304, May 28, 2003, 68 F.R. 32315.
Ex. Ord. No. 14033, June 8, 2021, 86 F.R. 31079, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 14140, § 1, Jan. 8, 2025, 90 F.R. 2589.
Yemen
Ex. Ord. No. 13611, May 16, 2012, 77 F.R. 29533.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13611 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2025, 90 F.R. 20081.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 14, 2024, 89 F.R. 42765.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 11, 2023, 88 F.R. 31141.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 9, 2022, 87 F.R. 29023.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 11, 2021, 86 F.R. 26341.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 7, 2020, 85 F.R. 27643.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 13, 2019, 84 F.R. 22047.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 14, 2018, 83 F.R. 22585.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 8, 2017, 82 F.R. 21905.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 12, 2016, 81 F.R. 30155.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 13, 2015, 80 F.R. 27851.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 12, 2014, 79 F.R. 27477.
Notice of President of the United States, dated May 13, 2013, 78 F.R. 28465.
Zimbabwe
Ex. Ord. No. 13288, Mar. 6, 2003, 68 F.R. 11457, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13391, Nov. 22, 2005, 70 F.R. 71201, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14118, Mar. 4, 2024, 89 F.R. 15945.
Continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 13288 were contained in the following:
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 1, 2023, 88 F.R. 13289.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 3, 2022, 87 F.R. 12553.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2021, 86 F.R. 12797.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 4, 2020, 85 F.R. 12981.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 4, 2019, 84 F.R. 7977.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2018, 83 F.R. 9417.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Jan. 13, 2017, 82 F.R. 6195.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2016, 81 F.R. 11657.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 3, 2015, 80 F.R. 12069.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 28, 2014, 79 F.R. 12031.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 1, 2013, 78 F.R. 14427.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2012, 77 F.R. 13179.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2011, 76 F.R. 12267.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 26, 2010, 75 F.R. 10157.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 3, 2009, 74 F.R. 9751.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 4, 2008, 73 F.R. 12005.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 28, 2007, 72 F.R. 9645.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Feb. 27, 2006, 71 F.R. 10603.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2005, 70 F.R. 10859.
Notice of President of the United States, dated Mar. 2, 2004, 69 F.R. 10313.
Ex. Ord. No. 13469, July 25, 2008, 73 F.R. 43841, revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 14118, Mar. 4, 2024, 89 F.R. 15945.