The South Texas Agriculture Emergency Assistance Act directs the U.S. Department of Agriculture to provide $280 million in grants to Texas for agricultural producers whose farms operate along the Rio Grande and suffered economic losses during 2023 and 2024. The assistance stems from Mexico's failure to deliver water to the United States as required under a 1944 international treaty governing the Rio Grande and other border rivers. Individual farmers will receive aid proportional to their actual losses, with the grants administered through the Texas Department of Agriculture using the same procedures established in a previous agricultural assistance program. This bill addresses the water shortage crisis that directly impacted farming operations in South Texas during the two-year period.
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