The Nuclear REFUEL Act amends federal nuclear regulations to streamline the licensing process for facilities that recycle spent nuclear fuel. Specifically, the bill changes the definition of what counts as a "production facility" under the Atomic Energy Act to exclude equipment designed to reprocess spent nuclear fuel while keeping plutonium mixed with other radioactive materials, rather than separating them out. This change allows such recycling facilities to avoid the stricter regulatory requirements normally applied to nuclear production facilities, potentially speeding up their licensing and approval. The legislation affects nuclear power companies and facilities looking to develop fuel recycling technology, as well as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission which oversees licensing. The bill does not specify particular funding amounts or implementation timelines, instead focusing on regulatory clarification to encourage domestic spent fuel recycling capabilities.