This bill would permanently lock into federal law nine existing executive orders that impose sanctions on Russia and Russian individuals and entities. Rather than allowing these sanctions to be easily reversed by future presidents through executive action, the legislation requires Congress to act if the sanctions are to be lifted. The bill does allow the President to terminate sanctions on a case-by-case basis, but only if the President certifies to four congressional committees that the targeted person or entity has stopped the sanctionable activity or taken significant steps to do so, and has provided reliable assurances against future violations. The legislation includes narrow exceptions for humanitarian aid, food and medicine, diplomatic activities related to the United Nations, law enforcement operations, and authorized intelligence activities. By codifying these sanctions into statute, the bill aims to ensure the continuity of U.S. economic pressure on Russia regardless of changes in presidential administration.
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