This bill amends export control laws to restrict the sale of certain materials to China and other countries deemed hostile to U.S. interests. Specifically, it requires exporters to obtain government licenses before shipping "black mass" (material recovered from recycled lithium-ion batteries containing valuable minerals like cobalt and nickel) and "swarf" (scrap material from permanent magnet manufacturing) to China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia, or entities controlled by these governments. The bill prohibits the government from approving any license applications for black mass exports to these foreign adversaries. The law is intended to strengthen domestic battery recycling and critical mineral supply chains while preventing China from exploiting American recycled materials and manipulating global prices. The Secretary of Commerce has two years from the bill's enactment to implement the licensing requirements.