This bill imposes sanctions targeting foreign persons, ports, vessels, and refineries involved in transporting, processing, or trading Iranian petroleum and petroleum products. It affects foreign entities and individuals—including their family members—who knowingly engage in such activities, subjecting them to visa revocation, U.S. entry bans, and asset freezes, with penalties enforced through existing sanctions law. The measure requires the President to implement these sanctions within 180 days of enactment, though it allows temporary waivers renewable in 180-day increments if deemed in the national security interest, and the overall sanctions authority sunsets after four years. The bill also extends and expands an existing law targeting groups that use civilians as human shields (adding Palestine Islamic Jihad) through 2030, creates new sanctions authorities for malicious cyber actors and those threatening U.S. officials, and authorizes $15 million in fiscal year 2025 funding to strengthen the State Department's sanctions enforcement capacity. Additionally, it mandates several government reports, including analyses of Iranian oil exports since 2018, the broader economic and humanitarian impact of U.S. sanctions on Iran, and Iran's oil trade with China, most of which must be made public within 90 to 120 days of enactment.
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