This bill requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services, working with the Departments of Defense and Homeland Security, to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain within 18 months and update it annually. The assessment must identify essential medicines critical for public health emergencies or national security threats, determine which drugs have vulnerable supply chains, identify foreign dependencies in drug manufacturing and ingredients, and evaluate current domestic manufacturing capabilities and cybersecurity risks. The bill affects pharmaceutical manufacturers, federal agencies responsible for national security and public health, and ultimately the American public who depend on a stable drug supply. The assessment results will be made publicly available in an unclassified form, though sensitive information can be kept in a classified annex. No specific funding amount is mentioned in the legislation itself.