The Enhancing Electric Grid Resilience Act amends federal electricity law to allow companies building major transmission lines to spread construction costs across a wider geographic area. The bill applies to new interstate transmission lines with capacity of at least 1,000 megawatts or major expansions that add 500 megawatts or more, including offshore lines completed after the bill's enactment. Under the legislation, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission would require that costs be allocated to customers based on the benefits they receive, considering factors like reliability, economics, resilience, and environmental impacts. This approach contrasts with current practice where costs are typically borne more narrowly by the region directly served. The bill aims to make it easier to build large transmission projects by distributing their costs more broadly among benefiting utilities and customers.