The Just Compensation Act of 2023 would strengthen protections for property owners when the federal government uses eminent domain to seize private land. The bill requires that the federal government provide compensation of at least 150 percent of fair market value whenever it exercises eminent domain, which is higher than the current "just compensation" standard, and prohibits the federal government from delegating its eminent domain power to private entities. The legislation affects anyone whose property might be taken by federal agencies for public purposes. The Attorney General would be required to submit an initial report to Congress within one year describing how the law is being implemented, followed by annual reports detailing every instance of federal eminent domain use, including locations, purposes, and compensation amounts. The bill contains no new funding authorization, meaning the increased compensation costs would come from existing federal budgets.
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