S. 4473 modifies how federal arbitration law defines "commercial" relationships to narrow when disputes must go to arbitration instead of court. The bill amends Title 9 of the U.S. Code to apply certain exemptions and limitations to the definition of commercial agreements, with the intent of restricting which types of disputes fall under mandatory arbitration requirements. The changes would affect businesses, consumers, and employees involved in disputes that are currently considered commercial under existing law. The bill has retroactive effect, meaning it would apply to legal cases already pending when the law is enacted, as well as future disputes. No specific funding is mentioned in the legislation, as it is a legal definition change rather than an appropriations bill.
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