The Protect Our Mail Act of 2024 would restrict the U.S. Postal Service from closing, consolidating, or downgrading mail processing and distribution centers in any state unless certain conditions are met. The bill prevents such actions if a processing center in the state failed to meet 2023 performance targets of 93 percent on-time delivery for 2-day mail and 90.3 percent for 3-to-5 day mail, or if the closure would leave the state with no processing center within 125 miles. Before proceeding with any closure, the Postal Service must submit a proposal to the Postal Regulatory Commission, which has 180 business days to review the plan and confirm it would not harm service standards, while also considering geographic factors like mountain passes. The bill gives customers served by affected facilities the right to appeal closure decisions to the Postal Regulatory Commission within 180 days, and requires the Postal Service to publicly notify people of their appeal rights within a week of announcing a closure decision.