The Department of Energy AI Act directs the Department of Energy to build a major artificial intelligence program, known as FASST, that harnesses the agency's 17 National Laboratories, supercomputers, and scientific datasets to advance science, energy, and national security missions. Within six months of passage, the Secretary of Energy must launch the program, which includes curating AI training data, building next-generation computing infrastructure, developing safe and trustworthy AI models, and creating at least eight AI Research and Development Centers at national labs, each funded with at least $30 million annually for five to seven years. The bill also creates a new Office of Critical and Emerging Technology within the Department, establishes a risk-evaluation program to address AI threats like weapons information generation and cyberattacks, and requires screening of foreign visitors from countries of concern seeking access to national labs. Additional provisions direct the use of AI to speed up federal environmental permitting reviews, require federal energy regulators to modernize grid interconnection procedures using AI tools, and mandate a report on the energy demands and security risks posed by data centers. Overall, the legislation affects DOE staff, national lab researchers, federal permitting agencies, utility companies, and AI industry partners, authorizing roughly $2.4 billion per year for five years to fund these efforts, with various reports and strategic plans due to Congress within 180 days to several years after enactment.