The Fusion Energy Act amends federal nuclear law to establish a regulatory framework specifically for fusion energy machines, which are particle accelerators that can transform atomic nuclei through fusion processes and capture the resulting energy for commercial use. The legislation directs the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to develop a technology-inclusive licensing process for fusion energy applicants and requires the agency to study how to regulate mass-manufactured fusion machines, potentially using the Federal Aviation Administration's aircraft certification process as a model. The bill affects private fusion energy companies and research institutions seeking to commercialize fusion technology by providing them with clearer regulatory pathways. Within one year of the bill's enactment, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission must report to Congress on its findings regarding risk-based licensing frameworks and provide a timeline for issuing guidance or regulations on mass-manufactured fusion machines. The legislation also updates existing nuclear law to clarify that materials made radioactive through fusion energy machines are subject to federal oversight.
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