The SWAMP Act of 2023 would require federal executive agencies to relocate their headquarters out of the Washington metropolitan area, with certain exceptions for national security and defense agencies. The law would prohibit new construction, major renovations, and lease renewals for agency headquarters currently located in Washington, D.C., and surrounding Maryland and Virginia counties. Within one year of enactment, the General Services Administration would establish a competitive bidding process allowing states and local governments to propose locations for relocated agency headquarters, with selection based on economic impact, workforce development, relevant expertise, and national security considerations. The bill excludes the Department of Defense, Department of Energy, Department of Homeland Security, Department of State, CIA, and certain intelligence agencies from relocation requirements. No additional federal funding is authorized; the General Services Administration would carry out the relocation using existing resources and could use proceeds from federal property sales to offset costs.
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