The Stop Transnational Repression Act creates a new federal crime targeting foreign government agents who intimidate, threaten, harass, or harm people in the United States or U.S. citizens abroad. The law covers activities like physical stalking, digital hacking, kidnapping plots, and efforts to silence critics, journalists, and human rights activists. Violations carry penalties of up to 10 years in prison, or life imprisonment if the acts involve death, serious injury, kidnapping, or dangerous weapons. The bill also establishes a sentencing enhancement of up to 10 additional years for crimes committed at the direction of a foreign government. The Department of Justice must centralize oversight of these prosecutions and investigations, and must submit annual reports to Congress on transnational repression incidents affecting Americans, with the first report due within 180 days of the law's enactment. The U.S. Sentencing Commission has one year to develop appropriate sentencing guidelines for these new crimes.