The Emergency Migration Response Act of 2023 authorizes the President to declare an "extraordinary migration event" when migration surges overwhelm the Department of Homeland Security's existing capacity, allowing the federal government to mobilize resources across multiple agencies to respond. When such an event is declared, the bill establishes a coordinated response structure including the appointment of a Federal coordinating officer, activation of the Southwest Border Coordination Center, and formation of specialized migration response teams to handle processing, facility management, medical care, and coordination with nonprofit organizations. The legislation authorizes $1.5 billion in funding for fiscal 2024, allocating money for U.S. Customs and Border Protection facilities and operations, emergency food and shelter assistance, Immigration Services personnel, and grants to relief organizations. The Secretary of Homeland Security must establish measurable criteria for declaring such events and review these standards annually, with Congress to be notified of any changes and informed within 30 days of any presidential declaration.
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