The Count Only Citizens Act would require the Census Bureau to add a question to the 2030 decennial census and all future censuses asking respondents to indicate their citizenship status or lawful presence in the United States. The bill would then direct the Secretary of Commerce to adjust the total population counts used for congressional reapportionment to exclude non-citizens and people not lawfully present, potentially affecting how many House seats each state receives. This legislation would apply starting with the 2030 census and continue for all subsequent decennial censuses. The bill addresses the concern that including non-citizen populations in census counts for reapportionment purposes distorts representation in Congress. No specific funding amount is specified in the legislation.