This bill requires the President to review whether 44 Azerbaijani government and military officials should face U.S. sanctions within 180 days of the law's enactment. The review focuses on allegations that these officials committed or were responsible for serious human rights violations and war crimes, including torture, extrajudicial killings, arbitrary detention, and abuse of prisoners of war and civilians during Azerbaijan's 2020 military conflict and 2023 military assault on Nagorno-Karabakh. The officials targeted include military commanders, judges, prosecutors, security officials, and other high-ranking government appointees. The bill directs the President to determine if these individuals meet criteria for sanctions under the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act or existing State Department appropriations law, which allow the U.S. to sanction foreign officials responsible for human rights abuses.