This joint resolution seeks to block a rule issued by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) that changes how federal regulators define who qualifies as a firearms dealer. The ATF rule, published in April 2024, expands the definition of "engaged in the business" as a dealer, which would require more gun sellers to obtain federal licenses and comply with additional regulations. Congress would use a procedural disapproval process to reject the rule entirely, making it unenforceable if the resolution passes. The measure was introduced by a large group of Republican senators led by Senator Cornyn. This type of resolution allows Congress to overturn federal agency rules under a fast-track process that limits debate and amendments.