This bill directs the National Science Foundation to establish a competitive mentorship demonstration program that awards grants to colleges, universities, and nonprofit organizations to improve mentoring practices in STEM fields. The program will fund projects focused on building mentoring skills among faculty and researchers, promoting evidence-based mentorship approaches, researching ways to improve mentoring, and training researchers in cultural competencies. The bill prioritizes funding for historically underrepresented institutions, including minority-serving institutions, historically Black colleges and universities, tribal colleges, rural institutions, and emerging research institutions. The legislation authorizes $5 million annually for five years, from 2025 through 2029, to support the demonstration program. Within five years, the National Science Foundation must report to Congress on whether the program has effectively improved the quality of mentorship in STEM education and, if successful, present a plan to make the program permanent.