The Comprehensive Offshore Resource Enhancement Act of 2024, or CORE Act, directs the federal government to assess and map offshore energy resources to support national security and energy independence. The Secretaries of Energy, Interior, and Defense must establish a joint program to evaluate domestic oil, natural gas, critical minerals, and other subsea resources in U.S. waters, with a comprehensive report due within one year of enactment that includes estimates of undiscovered resources, analyses of how protected areas affect energy production and jobs, and recommendations for reducing uncertainty in resource assessments. The bill also streamlines the permitting process for geological and geophysical surveys in the Gulf of Mexico by requiring the Interior Department to approve completed applications within 30 days and exempting surveys from certain environmental reviews under the Marine Mammal Protection Act and Endangered Species Act. Additionally, the legislation establishes strict timelines for legal challenges to survey projects, limiting claims to 120 days and requiring courts to issue decisions within 30 days, while requiring the Interior Department to publish monthly reports on permit processing times and compliance.