The ANTE Act expands the authority of the U.S. International Trade Commission to investigate and combat tariff evasion schemes by companies controlled by non-market economy countries, particularly China. If the Commission finds that a non-market entity is establishing operations in a third country to avoid U.S. tariffs on their products, it can recommend trade remedies equal to the value of the tariffs being evaded. The bill allows the President to unilaterally impose retaliatory measures against such third-country investments, but any broad action targeting wide product categories from a third country requires congressional approval through a fast-track joint resolution process that bypasses normal committee procedures and debate limitations. Investigations can be initiated by industry groups, the U.S. Trade Representative, or Congress, with the Commission required to make initial determinations within 45 days and reach final decisions within 180 days. Any remedy imposed would last between three to eight years and be subject to review before expiration.
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