The College Thriving Act directs the Department of Education to award competitive grants to colleges and universities for developing and implementing skills-for-success courses required for all first-year students. These courses would cover topics like mental health, time management, stress management, goal setting, and building relationships, with priority given to historically Black colleges and universities. Each grant would provide at least $1 million over a five-year period, with institutions spending the first year developing their course, the second year piloting it, and the final three years fully implementing it for all incoming students. The bill authorizes $50 million in total funding to support this grant program. Participating institutions must submit reports upon completion describing how the course was evaluated and how grant funds were used throughout the five-year period.