This bill creates a temporary exception to drug discount program eligibility rules for hospitals that lost their qualification status due to Medicaid budget cuts. Specifically, it allows hospitals that were participating in the Section 340B drug discount program as of July 3, 2025, to continue participating through September 30, 2030, even if they no longer meet certain financial thresholds related to serving low-income patients, as long as they meet all other program requirements. The bill affects rural and financially struggling hospitals that serve significant numbers of Medicaid and uninsured patients. Additionally, the bill requires the Comptroller General to complete a study within one year examining how covered entity status is determined, the impact of declining Medicare payments on rural hospitals and their ability to maintain specialties like obstetrics and oncology, and proposals to reform the payment adjustment formula for disproportionate share hospitals.