H.R. 10420, the Colorado River Basin Water Security and Infrastructure Act, authorizes $19 billion in federal spending to address water security challenges in the Colorado River Basin through multiple programs: $5 billion for a water augmentation program, $1 billion to restore the Yuma Desalting Plant, $1 billion for desalination efforts involving Mexico, and $12 billion for broader water infrastructure projects. The bill establishes a dedicated Colorado River Basin Water Augmentation Fund that provides ongoing resources to the Secretary of the Interior without requiring annual reappropriation, allowing funds to remain available indefinitely until spent. To ensure accountability and track progress, the bill requires the Secretary to submit annual reports to Congress documenting all funded projects, amounts spent, water produced, infrastructure improvements, and any additional legislative needs to increase water supplies in the basin. This legislation aims to strengthen water security for Colorado River Basin states through a combination of new water supplies, infrastructure modernization, and international cooperation while maintaining consistent federal funding for these long-term water management efforts.