The Data Center Fairness Fee Act of 2026 would require the Environmental Protection Agency to impose annual electricity consumption fees on large data centers and cryptocurrency mining operations starting in 2027. Facilities with more than 50 megawatts of computing capacity would pay a base charge of one cent per kilowatt-hour of electricity used. Beginning in 2028, facilities drawing power from high-carbon electricity sources would face an additional charge of five cents per kilogram of carbon dioxide emissions associated with their electricity consumption. Revenue collected from these fees would be distributed to states and tribal governments for use in low-income energy assistance programs, clean energy initiatives, and other programs that reduce electricity demand and lower utility bills. The EPA would have one year to establish regulations requiring data centers to monitor and report their electricity consumption and emissions data.