The CHARGE Act directs the National Institutes of Health to study the health and environmental effects of high-voltage electrical transmission lines rated at 750 kilovolts or greater. The research will examine impacts on human health, livestock health, and agricultural crop yields in areas near these major power lines. The legislation affects communities and agricultural operations located close to these transmission infrastructure. Once the study is completed, the NIH must report its findings to four congressional committees: the House and Senate agriculture committees and the House and Senate energy committees. The bill does not specify funding amounts or a timeline for when the study must be completed, only requiring it to begin "as soon as practically feasible."