This bill establishes a new Environmental Protection Agency research program focused on understanding tropospheric ozone, the ground-level ozone that contributes to air pollution and climate change. The program will award competitive grants to universities, national laboratories, and nonprofit research organizations to study how tropospheric ozone affects global and regional temperatures, crop yields, forests, and ecosystems, as well as to improve monitoring networks and climate models that incorporate ozone's impacts. The research will examine both current ozone levels and future scenarios under different emission reduction strategies, with all collected data made publicly available. The EPA must select grant recipients within 180 days of establishing the program and submit a comprehensive report to Congress four years after launch with findings and policy recommendations. The bill authorizes $10.5 million annually for fiscal years 2027 through 2029 for grants and program administration, plus $1 million in 2030 to prepare the final report.