S. 1413 increases the amount of federal funding authorized to carry out the San Joaquin River Restoration Settlement Act, a program aimed at restoring fish populations and river flows along California's San Joaquin River while also protecting water users. The bill raises the funding cap under the original settlement act from $250 million to $750 million for two related funding provisions covering the same restoration activities. It also boosts the authorized funding for improvements to the Friant Division of the Central Valley Project, a key irrigation and water delivery system, from $50 million to $75 million. This legislation primarily affects farmers, water agencies, and communities in California's Central Valley that rely on the Friant Division for water supply, as well as environmental efforts to restore salmon and river habitat. The bill does not set new deadlines but simply expands the pool of money Congress can appropriate in the future to fund ongoing restoration and infrastructure work under the existing 2009 settlement law.