H.R. 1432 would eliminate federal legal protections that currently shield COVID-19 vaccine manufacturers from lawsuits and liability claims. The bill specifically targets provisions in federal law that provide immunity to vaccine makers and limit their financial responsibility for injuries allegedly caused by COVID-19 vaccines. The legislation would apply retroactively, meaning people could sue manufacturers for harms from vaccines administered before, during, or after the bill's enactment. However, the bill preserves the option for individuals to seek compensation through two existing federal programs—the Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program and the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program—and prevents those programs from blocking people from also filing civil lawsuits against manufacturers. The bill contains no funding authorization or implementation timeline and was introduced in February 2025 by Republican representatives.
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