S. 1814, the Supreme Court Ethics, Recusal, and Transparency Act of 2025, strengthens ethics rules for federal judges, including Supreme Court justices, by requiring them to recuse themselves from cases when parties made substantial campaign contributions or lobbying contacts supporting their nomination, or when the judge or their family received income or gifts from a case party within the previous six years. The bill mandates judges investigate their own financial interests and those of their families, immediately notify all parties of potential conflicts, and requires courts to publicly post recusal explanations online. To ensure compliance, the legislation directs the Federal Judicial Center to conduct biennial studies on judges' adherence to disqualification rules, maintain conflict-of-interest records, and submit annual reports to Congress with recommendations for improvement, while allowing the Government Accountability Office to independently review these findings every five years upon congressional request.
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