The Graham Hoffman Act creates a new federal crime specifically targeting violent attacks on first responders, including firefighters, law enforcement officers, paramedics, and rescue personnel. The bill allows federal prosecution when assaults on first responders cause serious bodily injury, with sentences up to 10 years in prison, and allows life sentences or enhanced penalties when the attack results in death, kidnapping, or attempted murder. Federal jurisdiction applies when the assault occurs across state lines, involves interstate commerce, uses weapons that crossed state lines, interferes with economic activity, or when the victim is a federal first responder. However, the bill includes a safeguard requiring the U.S. Attorney General to certify in writing that federal prosecution is appropriate—for example, when state authorities lack jurisdiction, request federal assistance, or when state charges failed to adequately protect public safety. The legislation does not establish new funding requirements or specific implementation timelines.
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