The Stop Harassing Owners of Rifles Today Act would remove short-barreled rifles, short-barreled shotguns, and certain other weapons from federal firearms regulation under the National Firearms Act. The bill narrows the federal definition of "firearm" to apply only to machine guns, silencers, and destructive devices, while exempting short-barreled weapons from existing federal registration and transfer tax requirements. The legislation also prevents states from imposing their own taxes or registration requirements on short-barreled rifles and shotguns, and it requires the Attorney General to destroy all existing federal registration records for these weapons within one year of the bill's enactment, with an effective date 90 days after passage. The bill affects gun owners, federal law enforcement agencies that maintain firearms registries, and state governments seeking to regulate these weapons independently.