H.R. 2645 would significantly restrict the president's power to create national monuments by requiring congressional approval. Under current law, presidents can unilaterally designate national monuments under the Antiquities Act, but this bill would limit any new monument designation to just six months or until the end of the congressional session—whichever comes first—unless Congress votes to extend or modify it. If Congress rejects a proposed monument or fails to act within that timeframe, the same land cannot be designated as a monument again for 25 years. The bill affects the executive branch's conservation authority and has implications for public lands management, environmental protection, and federal land use decisions. The legislation was introduced in April 2025 and referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources.
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