S. 2861, the Protecting the USMCA from Harmful Chinese Investment Act, directs the U.S. Trade Representative to push Canada and Mexico to adopt foreign investment review systems similar to the U.S. framework used to screen investments for national security risks. The bill, introduced in September 2025, reflects concerns that investments from China and other state-controlled economies could threaten critical infrastructure and strategic industries across North America. During the next scheduled review of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, the Trade Representative will advocate for all three countries to establish compatible investment screening mechanisms and coordinate on shared threats from foreign investments. The legislation also authorizes the State Department and Treasury Department to provide technical assistance—including expert advisers, training, and funding—to help Canada and Mexico build these review frameworks. No specific funding amounts or implementation deadlines are specified in the bill.
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