H.R. 3078 directs the Department of Energy to lead a research program developing new technologies to detect fentanyl vapor and particles in various high-security settings. The Secretary of Energy will coordinate with the Attorney General, Secretary of Homeland Security, and Postmaster General to test and evaluate these detection technologies for use at mail facilities, prisons, U.S. borders, and similar locations. The bill affects federal agencies involved in law enforcement, border security, and mail operations, as well as technology developers working on detection methods. While the legislation establishes the research program and its purpose, the text provided does not specify funding amounts or implementation timelines. This amendment to the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act represents a coordinated federal effort to combat fentanyl trafficking through improved detection capabilities at critical chokepoints.