S. 3160 directs the Secretary of Defense to organize tabletop exercises that bring together officials from the Department of Defense, economic agencies like Treasury and Commerce, the U.S. Trade Representative, and private sector representatives to work through crisis scenarios together. The exercises aim to assess how Defense Department decisions affect the economy during crises and conflicts, and to identify economic tools the federal government can use to support military capabilities. The bill requires the Secretary of Defense to brief Congress by December 31, 2025, on the Department's current and planned efforts to include these economic and private sector participants in these unclassified exercises. Essentially, the bill seeks to improve coordination between military and economic policymakers so they can better understand each other's capabilities and constraints during national security emergencies.