The Migratory Bird Protection Act of 2025 creates a new permitting system for "incidental take" — the unintended killing or harm of migratory birds that occurs as a byproduct of industrial or other authorized activities. The bill amends the Migratory Bird Treaty Act to allow the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to issue permits and collect fees for this incidental take, while establishing civil penalties of up to $10,000 per violation for unpermitted incidents. The legislation establishes a dedicated Migratory Bird Recovery Fund supported by permit fees and appropriations, with $10 million authorized annually to administer the program and fund conservation efforts. The Secretary of the Interior must also conduct research on bird population monitoring and mitigation strategies, and report to Congress every five years on the program's impacts and the conservation status of migratory bird species.
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