H.R. 3501 would require Medicare to include cognitive impairment screening as part of two preventive services: the annual wellness visit and the initial preventive physical examination. Under the bill, healthcare providers would use screening tools approved by the National Institute on Aging to detect cognitive impairment, and they would document both the tool used and the results in the patient's medical record. The changes would take effect on January 1, 2026, for both services. The bill addresses the growing burden of Alzheimer's disease and dementia in America, noting that early detection enables patients to access care planning services, medical treatments, and clinical trials. No specific new federal funding is allocated in the legislation; instead, it integrates cognitive screening into existing Medicare preventive services that are already covered.