H.R. 3544 would fundamentally reshape how Supreme Court justices are appointed and serve by establishing 18-year term limits for all justices. Under the bill, the President would nominate one justice every two years (in the first and third years following presidential elections), with the Senate required to confirm or reject each nomination within 90 days. Current justices serving at the time the bill takes effect would be phased out according to their seniority, with the longest-serving justices retiring first to make room for new appointees. The legislation allows retired justices to temporarily return to active duty in a randomly selected rotation only if the Court falls below nine justices due to vacancies or disqualifications. No specific funding is mentioned, but the staggered appointment process would ensure predictable turnover and give each President regular appointment opportunities throughout their tenure.
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