S. 3566, the "No Trade Preferences for Communist China Act," would eliminate China's normal trade relations status with the United States, a preferential trade status China has held since 2001. The bill would take effect 90 days after enactment and would require the U.S. to apply significantly higher tariff rates to Chinese products under column 2 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule, with the president able to impose even higher rates. The legislation affects all trade between the United States and China, as well as Hong Kong and Macau. The bill cites numerous grievances against China, including alleged violations of trade commitments, intellectual property theft estimated at $180 billion to $540 billion annually, massive government subsidies to Chinese industries, and China's failure to purchase promised American goods under a 2020 trade agreement. According to the bill's findings, the U.S. has lost 5 million manufacturing jobs and 90,000 factories since 1994, partly attributed to unfair Chinese trade practices.
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