This bill prohibits U.S. courts from recognizing or enforcing Chinese court judgments if the U.S. court determines the Chinese proceeding was initiated or controlled by the Chinese Communist Party and was substantially motivated by retaliation against protected political speech, lawful government actions, or constitutional rights. The bill gives U.S. district courts original jurisdiction over cases involving such judgments, allows the Department of Justice to intervene, and mandates attorneys' fees awards for defendants who successfully block enforcement. Any person or entity targeted by a retaliatory Chinese legal proceeding can file a civil lawsuit in U.S. federal court seeking a declaration that the judgment is unenforceable and injunctive relief preventing enforcement attempts. The legislation applies no specific funding or implementation timeline but provides courts with flexible standards—including judicial independence, party affiliations, and lack of due process—to determine if a Chinese judgment is retaliatory in nature.
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