This bill reauthorizes and significantly expands the National Quantum Initiative through 2034, broadening its mission to include engineering and technology alongside science while establishing new priorities in quantum supply chain security, workforce development, and international collaboration with U.S. allies. The legislation creates or modifies several key programs: NIST will establish 1-3 quantum research centers receiving up to $18 million annually each, the number of multidisciplinary quantum research centers will expand from 5 to 10, and NSF will fund a new Quantum Reskilling, Education, and Workforce Coordination Hub plus competitive grants for quantum testbeds at universities. The bill emphasizes preparing the workforce through new fellowships, traineeships, and capacity-building grants for underrepresented institutions, while requiring the government to develop a comprehensive international quantum cooperation strategy within one year, map quantum supply chain vulnerabilities, and identify practical quantum applications for federal agencies. Additionally, the bill authorizes grants to help critical infrastructure adopt quantum-resistant cryptography, restricts quantum research partnerships with countries of concern and institutions with Confucius Institutes, and directs a regulatory review to remove barriers to quantum development, with all programs subject to annual reporting to Congress.
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