H.R. 3813, the Special Relationship Military Improvement Act of 2025, amends federal law to streamline military equipment exports to the United Kingdom and Australia by reducing licensing requirements. Specifically, the bill exempts the United Kingdom from needing a formal bilateral agreement before the U.S. can allow export of defense items, treating it similarly to Canada under current law. For Australia, the bill enables an existing 2007 defense trade cooperation treaty to take effect without requiring a separate bilateral agreement, though it carves out significant restrictions on exports of advanced missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, biological agents, nuclear weapons technology, and certain other sensitive military items. The legislation effectively simplifies defense trade procedures with these two close allies while maintaining strict safeguards on the most sensitive weapons systems and dual-use technologies. No specific funding amounts or implementation timelines are specified in the bill.
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