The American Agricultural Security Research Act of 2025 establishes a new federal program to strengthen agricultural research and security. The bill requires the Department of Agriculture to recognize at least one "center of excellence" in each of eleven research areas—including aquaculture, crop protection, biosecurity, digital agriculture, and foreign animal disease—hosted by universities and agricultural colleges across the country. These centers must collaborate with federal agencies, states, and industry partners to conduct research, provide training, and develop solutions for emerging agricultural challenges. The bill authorizes $10 million annually for fiscal years 2026-2030 to support these centers, which will receive five-year grants renewable for an additional five years, and also creates a separate $10 million annual grant program (fiscal years 2026-2030) to help universities and research institutions develop defenses against bioterrorism, cybersecurity threats, and other catastrophic risks to the food system. The legislation emphasizes geographic diversity in selecting host institutions and requires annual reporting to Congress on research projects, funding, patents, and technology transfer activities.
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