The Access to Claims Data Act requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services to create a process by January 1, 2026, that allows clinical data registries to request and access Medicare claims data (and potentially Medicaid and Children's Health Insurance Program data) for research and quality improvement purposes. The bill enables these registries to link claims data with clinical outcomes, conduct quality assessments of healthcare providers, perform risk-adjusted analyses to support patient safety improvements, and publish research findings using deidentified data. The legislation streamlines the process by exempting these registries from certain federal qualification requirements that currently apply to other entities seeking claims data access. The bill does not authorize new appropriations; instead, any reasonable fees charged for providing the data will be deposited into the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' administrative account to cover the costs of making the data available.