The American Investment Accountability Act requires three federal agencies—the Departments of Commerce and Treasury, and the Securities and Exchange Commission—to monitor and report on U.S. investments in foreign adversary nations and entities controlled by those governments. The bill defines "countries of concern" as China, Russia, Iran, North Korea, Cuba, and Venezuela, and requires quarterly reports to Congress detailing the value and location of American direct and portfolio investments in these countries, with special attention to large transactions exceeding $5 million to $25 million depending on investment type. The legislation affects major U.S. businesses and investors making international investments, with exemptions for small businesses, and requires the first comprehensive report within one year of enactment, followed by ongoing quarterly updates. There is no specific funding authorization mentioned in the bill; the reporting costs would fall within existing agency budgets.