This bill would make significant changes to foreign intelligence surveillance authorities under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. It primarily focuses on restricting what the government calls "reverse targeting," which occurs when authorities intentionally target a person abroad to secretly collect communications of a U.S. person or someone in the United States. The bill would generally require a warrant or court order to conduct such surveillance, with a narrow emergency exception for imminent threats to life or serious bodily harm that must be reported within 14 days, or with explicit consent from the target. The legislation also replaces several existing surveillance provisions with a new framework requiring warrants or FISA court orders when the government targets U.S. persons or people in the United States for collection of communications content, location information, browsing history, or internet searches. The bill would extend the sunset date for the relevant surveillance authority from June 12, 2026 to September 18, 2026, providing additional time for the reforms to take effect.