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# Summary The Blair Holt Firearm Owner Licensing and Record of Sale Act of 2026 establishes a federal licensing system for handgun and semiautomatic rifle owners and creates a national record-keeping system for sales of these weapons. Individuals would need to obtain a firearm owner license from the Attorney General or qualify under a state-certified licensing system to possess these firearms, with applicants required to undergo background checks, submit fingerprints, provide a photo and personal information, and certify they meet various legal requirements including mental health standards. The licensing system would take effect one year after enactment for firearms already owned and immediately for new purchases, with licenses valid for five years and renewable through similar processes. The bill also requires licensed dealers to verify firearm owner licenses before transferring qualifying firearms and to report all such transfers to the Attorney General within 14 days, creating a federal database of firearm sales. Private firearm transfers between unlicensed individuals would generally be prohibited unless conducted through a licensed dealer. Violations of the licensing and record-keeping requirements carry criminal penalties of up to 10 years imprisonment, while violations of the firearms transfer restrictions carry up to 5 years. The law allows states to establish their own certified licensing and record systems as alternatives to the federal system and includes various exceptions for law enforcement, military personnel, and specific personal transfers between family members and temporary loans for hunting or target shooting.

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